Search results for “streptomycin and buberculosis”

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17 RECORDS
54 ARTICLES
23 ESSAYS
1 BLOGS

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Balfour TG (1854)
Quoted in West C. Lectures on the Diseases of Infancy and Childhood. London, Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, p 600.

View

Cousin M (1905)
Des éruptions consecutives aux injections de sérum antidiphthérique et de leur traitement prophylactique par l’ingestion de clorure de calcium. Thèse pour le Doctorat en médicine. Paris : Jules Rousset, 36-44.

View

Netter A (1906)
Efficacité de l’ingestion de chlorure de calcium comme moyen préventif des éruptions consecutives aux injections de sérum [Effect of the ingestion of calcium chloride for preventing eruptions following serum injections]. Séances et Mémoires de la Société de Biologie 58:279-280.

View

Choksy NH (1908)
On recent progress in serum-therapy of plague. BMJ 1:1282-1284.

View

Bullowa JGM (1928)
Use of antipneumococcic refined serum in lobar pneumonia: data necessary for a comparison between cases treated with serum and cases not so treated, and the importance of a significant control series of cases. JAMA 90: 1354-1358.

View

Cecil RL, Plummer N (1930)
Pneumococcus type I pneumonia - a study of eleven hundred and sixty-one cases, with especial reference to specific therapy. JAMA 95:1547-1553.

View

Wagner-Jauregg J (1931)
Ueber die Infektionsbehandlung der progressiven Paralyse [On infection treatment of progressive paralysis]. Münchener Medizinische Wochenschrift 78:4-7.

View

Amberson JB, McMahon BT, Pinner M (1931)
A clinical trial of sanocrysin in pulmonary tuberculosis. American Review of Tuberculosis 24:401-435.

View

Hill AB (1937)
Principles of medical statistics. London: Lancet.

View

Hill AB (1937)
Artificial pneumothorax on statistical trial. Lancet 229: 535-536.

View

Medical Research Council (1944)
Clinical trial of patulin in the common cold. Lancet 2:373-5.

View

Medical Research Council (1948)
Streptomycin treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: a Medical Research Council investigation. BMJ 2:769-782.

View

Medical Research Council (1948)
Streptomycin treatment of tuberculous meningitis. Lancet 1:582-596.

View

Bignall JR, Crofton J (1949)
Antihistamine drugs in the treatment of nausea and vomiting due to streptomycin. BMJ 1:13-14.

View

Jacobs A, Borthwick WM (1950)
Streptomycin in urinary tuberculosis. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 43:453-466.

View

Swedish National Association against Tuberculosis. Therapeutic Trials Committee (1950)
Para-aminosalicylic acid treatment in pulmonary tuberculosis. American Review of Tuberculosis 61:597-612.

View

Long ER, Ferebee SH (1950)
A controlled investigation of streptomycin treatment in tuberculosis. Public Health Reports 65:1421-1451.

View

Show

Toth B (1998).
Clinical trials in British medicine 1858 – 1948, with special reference to the development of the randomised controlled trial. Philosophy Thesis, University of Bristol. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Cox-Maksimov D (1997).
The Making of the Clinical Trial in Britain, 1910-1945: Expertise, the State and the Public. Philosophy Thesis, University of Cambridge. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Yoshioka AY (1998).
Streptomycin, 1946: British central administration of supplies of a new drug of American origin with special reference to clinical trials in tuberculosis. Philosophy Thesis, University of London. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Chalmers I, Clarke M (2002).
J Guy Scadding and the move from alternation to randomization. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Scadding JG (2002).
Reflections on my studies of the effects of sulphonamide drugs in bacillary dysentery in Egypt, 1943-1944. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Doll R (2003).
Controlled trials testing two or more treatments simultaneously. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Silverman WA† (2003).
Personal reflections on lessons learned from randomized trials involving newborn infants, 1951 to 1967. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Pollock JI (2003).
Clifford Wilson (1906-1997) and Martin Pollock (1914-1999). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Crofton J† (2004).
The MRC randomized trial of streptomycin and its legacy: a view from the clinical front line. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Bastian H (2004).
Down and almost out in Scotland: George Orwell, tuberculosis and getting streptomycin in 1948. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Diaz M, Neuhauser D (2004).
Lessons from using randomization to assess gold treatment for tuberculosis. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Rodeck CH (2004).
Geoffrey William Theobald (1896–1977). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Hampton J (2004).
An early parallel group trial in cardiology. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Edwards MV (2004).
Control and the therapeutic trial 1918 – 1948. MD Thesis, University of London. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Crofton J† (2005).
Marc Daniels (1907-1953), a pioneer in establishing standards for clinical trial methods and reporting. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Hemminki E (2005).
Commentary on an early placebo controlled trial in Finland. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Tansey EM (2006).
Philip Montagu D’Arcy Hart (1900-2006). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Marks HM† (2006).
The Kendrick-Eldering-(Frost) pertussis vaccine field trial. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Crofton J† (2006).
John Crofton (1912-2009). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Crofton J† (2007).
Reginald Bignall (1913-2000). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Reid CM (2008).
Donald Darnley Reid (1914-1977). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Armitage P† (2009).
A statistical note on the analysis of the 1948 MRC streptomycin trial. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Cox DR (2009).
Randomization for concealment. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Bryder L (2010).
The Medical Research Council and clinical trial methodologies before the 1940s: the failure to develop a ‘scientific’ approach. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Chalmers I (2010).
Why the 1948 MRC trial of streptomycin used treatment allocation based on random numbers. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Chalmers I (2010).
Joseph Asbury Bell and the birth of randomized trials. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Tröhler U (2010).
The introduction of numerical methods to assess the effects of medical interventions during the 18th century: a brief history. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Chalmers I, Dukan E, Podolsky SH, Davey Smith G (2011).
The advent of fair treatment allocation schedules in clinical trials during the 19th and early 20th centuries. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Podolsky SH, Davey Smith G (2011).
Park’s story and Winters’ tale: alternate allocation clinical trials in turn of the Century America. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Farewell V, Johnson A† (2011).
The origins of Austin Bradford Hill’s classic textbook of medical statistics. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Gartlehner G, Stepper K (2011).
Julius Wagner-Jauregg: pyrotherapy, Simultanmethode, and ‘racial hygiene’. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Mann H, Djulbegovic B (2012).
Comparator bias: why comparisons must address genuine uncertainties. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Campbell MJ (2012).
Doing clinical trials large enough to achieve adequate reductions in uncertainties about treatment effects. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Chalmers I (2013).
UK Medical Research Council and multicentre clinical trials: from a damning report to international recognition. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Bryder L (2014).
The Medical Research Council and treatments for tuberculosis before streptomycin. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Bird SM (2014).
The 1959 meeting in Vienna on controlled clinical trials – a methodological landmark. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Toth B (2015).
Why the MRC Therapeutic Trials Committee didn’t introduce controlled clinical trials. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Zwarenstein M (2016).
‘Pragmatic’ and ‘Explanatory’ attitudes to randomized trials. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Scadding JW (2017).
John Guyett Scadding’s scepticism and pragmatism in addressing treatment uncertainties in clinical practice. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Farewell V, Johnson A† (2017).
Major Greenwood and clinical trials. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Altman DG† (2017).
Donald Mainland: anatomist, educator, thinker, medical statistician, trialist, rheumatologist. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Wartolowska K, Beard DJ, Carr AJ (2017).
The use of placebos in controlled trials of surgical interventions: a brief history. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Pollock JI (2017).
A controlled trial using a factorial design reported in 1946. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Toth B (2018).
Pioneering controlled trials of treatments for erysipelas and pneumonia in Glasgow, 1936-47. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Altman DG†, Grimes DA, Moher D, Hayes RJ (2018).
‘Allocation concealment’: the evolution and adoption of a methodological term. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Garattini S (2018).
Italian controlled trials to assess prevention and treatment of malaria, 1900-1930s. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Johnson A† (2019).
Textbooks and other publications on controlled clinical trials, 1948 to 1983. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Marson Smith P, Colquhoun D, Chalmers I (2019).
John Henry Gaddum’s 1940 guidance on controlled clinical trials JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Meinert C† (2019).
The trials and tribulations of the University Group Diabetes Program: lessons and reflections. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Welsh BC, Podolsky SH, Zane SN (2020).
Between medicine and criminology: Richard Cabot’s contribution to the design of experimental evaluations of social interventions in the late 1930s. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Brinkmann R, Podolsky SH (2021).
The ‘Personal Equation’ as observer bias, and proposed methods to contain it in Anglo-American medicine. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Senn SJ, Chalmers I (2021).
Giving and taking: ethical treatment assignment in controlled trials. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Held L, Matthews RAJ (2022).
Paradigm lost: Carl Liebermeister and the development of modern medical statistics. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

Chalmers I, Matthews R, Glasziou P, Boutron I, Armitage P† (2023).
Analysis of clinical trial by Treatment Allocated or by Treatment Received? Applying ‘the intention-to-treat principle’. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

View

1.2 Why treatment comparisons are essential

View

2.2 The need to compare like-with-like in treatment comparisons

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2.4 The need to avoid differences in the way treatment outcomes are assessed

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4.1 Improving reports of research

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Building the Library

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Diferencias en la manera en que se evalúan los resultados de los tratamientos

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Diferencias entre las personas comparadas

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Diferenças entre as pessoas comparadas

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Diferenças na maneira como os resultados dos tratamentos são avaliados

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Différences dans la façon dont les résultats des traitements sont évalués

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Différences entre les personnes comparées

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Por que as comparações são fundamentais?

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Por qué son esenciales las comparaciones

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Pourquoi des comparaisons sont-elles essentielles?

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Почему важны сравнения

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Различия в способах оценки результатов лечения

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Различия между сравниваемыми людьми

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الاختلافات بين الطريقة التي يجري بها تقيـيم المعالجات

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الفروق بين الأشخاص الخاضعين للمقارنة

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مدى أهمية إجراء المقارنات

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为什么对照必不可少

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治疗结局评价方式的差异

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被比较对象之间的差异

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The Origins of Intention To Treat

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James Lind LibraryIllustrating the development of fair tests of treatments in health care

Search results for “streptomycin and buberculosis”

SORT author date ▲ relevance

17 RECORDS

54 ARTICLES

23 ESSAYS

1 BLOGS

Balfour TG (1854) Quoted in West C. Lectures on the Diseases of Infancy and Childhood. London, Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, p 600.

Cousin M (1905) Des éruptions consecutives aux injections de sérum antidiphthérique et de leur traitement prophylactique par l’ingestion de clorure de calcium. Thèse pour le Doctorat en médicine. Paris : Jules Rousset, 36-44.

Choksy NH (1908) On recent progress in serum-therapy of plague. BMJ 1:1282-1284.

Bullowa JGM (1928) Use of antipneumococcic refined serum in lobar pneumonia: data necessary for a comparison between cases treated with serum and cases not so treated, and the importance of a significant control series of cases. JAMA 90: 1354-1358.

Cecil RL, Plummer N (1930) Pneumococcus type I pneumonia - a study of eleven hundred and sixty-one cases, with especial reference to specific therapy. JAMA 95:1547-1553.

Wagner-Jauregg J (1931) Ueber die Infektionsbehandlung der progressiven Paralyse [On infection treatment of progressive paralysis]. Münchener Medizinische Wochenschrift 78:4-7.

Amberson JB, McMahon BT, Pinner M (1931) A clinical trial of sanocrysin in pulmonary tuberculosis. American Review of Tuberculosis 24:401-435.

Hill AB (1937) Principles of medical statistics. London: Lancet.

Hill AB (1937) Artificial pneumothorax on statistical trial. Lancet 229: 535-536.

Medical Research Council (1944) Clinical trial of patulin in the common cold. Lancet 2:373-5.

Medical Research Council (1948) Streptomycin treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: a Medical Research Council investigation. BMJ 2:769-782.

Medical Research Council (1948) Streptomycin treatment of tuberculous meningitis. Lancet 1:582-596.

Bignall JR, Crofton J (1949) Antihistamine drugs in the treatment of nausea and vomiting due to streptomycin. BMJ 1:13-14.

Jacobs A, Borthwick WM (1950) Streptomycin in urinary tuberculosis. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 43:453-466.

Swedish National Association against Tuberculosis. Therapeutic Trials Committee (1950) Para-aminosalicylic acid treatment in pulmonary tuberculosis. American Review of Tuberculosis 61:597-612.

Long ER, Ferebee SH (1950) A controlled investigation of streptomycin treatment in tuberculosis. Public Health Reports 65:1421-1451.

Show ALL ARTICLES Brief histories Commentaries Biographies Personal reflections Doctoral theses

Toth B (1998).Clinical trials in British medicine 1858 – 1948, with special reference to the development of the randomised controlled trial. Philosophy Thesis, University of Bristol. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Cox-Maksimov D (1997).The Making of the Clinical Trial in Britain, 1910-1945: Expertise, the State and the Public. Philosophy Thesis, University of Cambridge. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Yoshioka AY (1998).Streptomycin, 1946: British central administration of supplies of a new drug of American origin with special reference to clinical trials in tuberculosis. Philosophy Thesis, University of London. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Chalmers I, Clarke M (2002).J Guy Scadding and the move from alternation to randomization. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Scadding JG (2002).Reflections on my studies of the effects of sulphonamide drugs in bacillary dysentery in Egypt, 1943-1944. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Doll R (2003).Controlled trials testing two or more treatments simultaneously. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Silverman WA† (2003).Personal reflections on lessons learned from randomized trials involving newborn infants, 1951 to 1967. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Pollock JI (2003).Clifford Wilson (1906-1997) and Martin Pollock (1914-1999). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Crofton J† (2004).The MRC randomized trial of streptomycin and its legacy: a view from the clinical front line. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Bastian H (2004).Down and almost out in Scotland: George Orwell, tuberculosis and getting streptomycin in 1948. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Diaz M, Neuhauser D (2004).Lessons from using randomization to assess gold treatment for tuberculosis. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Rodeck CH (2004).Geoffrey William Theobald (1896–1977). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Hampton J (2004).An early parallel group trial in cardiology. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Edwards MV (2004).Control and the therapeutic trial 1918 – 1948. MD Thesis, University of London. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Crofton J† (2005).Marc Daniels (1907-1953), a pioneer in establishing standards for clinical trial methods and reporting. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Hemminki E (2005).Commentary on an early placebo controlled trial in Finland. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Tansey EM (2006).Philip Montagu D’Arcy Hart (1900-2006). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Marks HM† (2006).The Kendrick-Eldering-(Frost) pertussis vaccine field trial. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Crofton J† (2006).John Crofton (1912-2009). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Crofton J† (2007).Reginald Bignall (1913-2000). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Reid CM (2008).Donald Darnley Reid (1914-1977). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Armitage P† (2009).A statistical note on the analysis of the 1948 MRC streptomycin trial. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Cox DR (2009).Randomization for concealment. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Bryder L (2010).The Medical Research Council and clinical trial methodologies before the 1940s: the failure to develop a ‘scientific’ approach. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Chalmers I (2010).Why the 1948 MRC trial of streptomycin used treatment allocation based on random numbers. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Chalmers I (2010).Joseph Asbury Bell and the birth of randomized trials. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Tröhler U (2010).The introduction of numerical methods to assess the effects of medical interventions during the 18th century: a brief history. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Chalmers I, Dukan E, Podolsky SH, Davey Smith G (2011).The advent of fair treatment allocation schedules in clinical trials during the 19th and early 20th centuries. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Podolsky SH, Davey Smith G (2011).Park’s story and Winters’ tale: alternate allocation clinical trials in turn of the Century America. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Farewell V, Johnson A† (2011).The origins of Austin Bradford Hill’s classic textbook of medical statistics. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Gartlehner G, Stepper K (2011).Julius Wagner-Jauregg: pyrotherapy, Simultanmethode, and ‘racial hygiene’. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Mann H, Djulbegovic B (2012).Comparator bias: why comparisons must address genuine uncertainties. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Campbell MJ (2012).Doing clinical trials large enough to achieve adequate reductions in uncertainties about treatment effects. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Chalmers I (2013).UK Medical Research Council and multicentre clinical trials: from a damning report to international recognition. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Bryder L (2014).The Medical Research Council and treatments for tuberculosis before streptomycin. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Bird SM (2014).The 1959 meeting in Vienna on controlled clinical trials – a methodological landmark. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Toth B (2015).Why the MRC Therapeutic Trials Committee didn’t introduce controlled clinical trials. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Zwarenstein M (2016).‘Pragmatic’ and ‘Explanatory’ attitudes to randomized trials. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Scadding JW (2017).John Guyett Scadding’s scepticism and pragmatism in addressing treatment uncertainties in clinical practice. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Farewell V, Johnson A† (2017).Major Greenwood and clinical trials. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Altman DG† (2017).Donald Mainland: anatomist, educator, thinker, medical statistician, trialist, rheumatologist. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Wartolowska K, Beard DJ, Carr AJ (2017).The use of placebos in controlled trials of surgical interventions: a brief history. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Pollock JI (2017).A controlled trial using a factorial design reported in 1946. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Toth B (2018).Pioneering controlled trials of treatments for erysipelas and pneumonia in Glasgow, 1936-47. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Altman DG†, Grimes DA, Moher D, Hayes RJ (2018).‘Allocation concealment’: the evolution and adoption of a methodological term. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Garattini S (2018).Italian controlled trials to assess prevention and treatment of malaria, 1900-1930s. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Johnson A† (2019).Textbooks and other publications on controlled clinical trials, 1948 to 1983. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Marson Smith P, Colquhoun D, Chalmers I (2019).John Henry Gaddum’s 1940 guidance on controlled clinical trials JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Meinert C† (2019).The trials and tribulations of the University Group Diabetes Program: lessons and reflections. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Welsh BC, Podolsky SH, Zane SN (2020).Between medicine and criminology: Richard Cabot’s contribution to the design of experimental evaluations of social interventions in the late 1930s. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Brinkmann R, Podolsky SH (2021).The ‘Personal Equation’ as observer bias, and proposed methods to contain it in Anglo-American medicine. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Senn SJ, Chalmers I (2021).Giving and taking: ethical treatment assignment in controlled trials. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Held L, Matthews RAJ (2022).Paradigm lost: Carl Liebermeister and the development of modern medical statistics. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Chalmers I, Matthews R, Glasziou P, Boutron I, Armitage P† (2023).Analysis of clinical trial by Treatment Allocated or by Treatment Received? Applying ‘the intention-to-treat principle’. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

1.2 Why treatment comparisons are essential

2.2 The need to compare like-with-like in treatment comparisons

James Lind Library
Illustrating the development of fair tests of treatments in health care

Balfour TG (1854)
Quoted in West C. Lectures on the Diseases of Infancy and Childhood. London, Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, p 600.

Cousin M (1905)
Des éruptions consecutives aux injections de sérum antidiphthérique et de leur traitement prophylactique par l’ingestion de clorure de calcium. Thèse pour le Doctorat en médicine. Paris : Jules Rousset, 36-44.

Choksy NH (1908)
On recent progress in serum-therapy of plague. BMJ 1:1282-1284.

Bullowa JGM (1928)
Use of antipneumococcic refined serum in lobar pneumonia: data necessary for a comparison between cases treated with serum and cases not so treated, and the importance of a significant control series of cases. JAMA 90: 1354-1358.

Cecil RL, Plummer N (1930)
Pneumococcus type I pneumonia - a study of eleven hundred and sixty-one cases, with especial reference to specific therapy. JAMA 95:1547-1553.

Wagner-Jauregg J (1931)
Ueber die Infektionsbehandlung der progressiven Paralyse [On infection treatment of progressive paralysis]. Münchener Medizinische Wochenschrift 78:4-7.

Amberson JB, McMahon BT, Pinner M (1931)
A clinical trial of sanocrysin in pulmonary tuberculosis. American Review of Tuberculosis 24:401-435.

Hill AB (1937)
Principles of medical statistics. London: Lancet.

Hill AB (1937)
Artificial pneumothorax on statistical trial. Lancet 229: 535-536.

Medical Research Council (1944)
Clinical trial of patulin in the common cold. Lancet 2:373-5.

Medical Research Council (1948)
Streptomycin treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: a Medical Research Council investigation. BMJ 2:769-782.

Medical Research Council (1948)
Streptomycin treatment of tuberculous meningitis. Lancet 1:582-596.

Bignall JR, Crofton J (1949)
Antihistamine drugs in the treatment of nausea and vomiting due to streptomycin. BMJ 1:13-14.

Jacobs A, Borthwick WM (1950)
Streptomycin in urinary tuberculosis. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 43:453-466.

Swedish National Association against Tuberculosis. Therapeutic Trials Committee (1950)
Para-aminosalicylic acid treatment in pulmonary tuberculosis. American Review of Tuberculosis 61:597-612.

Long ER, Ferebee SH (1950)
A controlled investigation of streptomycin treatment in tuberculosis. Public Health Reports 65:1421-1451.

Show

Toth B (1998).
Clinical trials in British medicine 1858 – 1948, with special reference to the development of the randomised controlled trial. Philosophy Thesis, University of Bristol. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Cox-Maksimov D (1997).
The Making of the Clinical Trial in Britain, 1910-1945: Expertise, the State and the Public. Philosophy Thesis, University of Cambridge. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Yoshioka AY (1998).
Streptomycin, 1946: British central administration of supplies of a new drug of American origin with special reference to clinical trials in tuberculosis. Philosophy Thesis, University of London. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Chalmers I, Clarke M (2002).
J Guy Scadding and the move from alternation to randomization. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Scadding JG (2002).
Reflections on my studies of the effects of sulphonamide drugs in bacillary dysentery in Egypt, 1943-1944. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Doll R (2003).
Controlled trials testing two or more treatments simultaneously. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Silverman WA† (2003).
Personal reflections on lessons learned from randomized trials involving newborn infants, 1951 to 1967. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Pollock JI (2003).
Clifford Wilson (1906-1997) and Martin Pollock (1914-1999). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Crofton J† (2004).
The MRC randomized trial of streptomycin and its legacy: a view from the clinical front line. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Bastian H (2004).
Down and almost out in Scotland: George Orwell, tuberculosis and getting streptomycin in 1948. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Diaz M, Neuhauser D (2004).
Lessons from using randomization to assess gold treatment for tuberculosis. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Rodeck CH (2004).
Geoffrey William Theobald (1896–1977). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Hampton J (2004).
An early parallel group trial in cardiology. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Edwards MV (2004).
Control and the therapeutic trial 1918 – 1948. MD Thesis, University of London. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Crofton J† (2005).
Marc Daniels (1907-1953), a pioneer in establishing standards for clinical trial methods and reporting. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Hemminki E (2005).
Commentary on an early placebo controlled trial in Finland. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Tansey EM (2006).
Philip Montagu D’Arcy Hart (1900-2006). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Marks HM† (2006).
The Kendrick-Eldering-(Frost) pertussis vaccine field trial. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Crofton J† (2006).
John Crofton (1912-2009). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Crofton J† (2007).
Reginald Bignall (1913-2000). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Reid CM (2008).
Donald Darnley Reid (1914-1977). JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Armitage P† (2009).
A statistical note on the analysis of the 1948 MRC streptomycin trial. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Cox DR (2009).
Randomization for concealment. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Bryder L (2010).
The Medical Research Council and clinical trial methodologies before the 1940s: the failure to develop a ‘scientific’ approach. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Chalmers I (2010).
Why the 1948 MRC trial of streptomycin used treatment allocation based on random numbers. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Chalmers I (2010).
Joseph Asbury Bell and the birth of randomized trials. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Tröhler U (2010).
The introduction of numerical methods to assess the effects of medical interventions during the 18th century: a brief history. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Chalmers I, Dukan E, Podolsky SH, Davey Smith G (2011).
The advent of fair treatment allocation schedules in clinical trials during the 19th and early 20th centuries. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Podolsky SH, Davey Smith G (2011).
Park’s story and Winters’ tale: alternate allocation clinical trials in turn of the Century America. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Farewell V, Johnson A† (2011).
The origins of Austin Bradford Hill’s classic textbook of medical statistics. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Gartlehner G, Stepper K (2011).
Julius Wagner-Jauregg: pyrotherapy, Simultanmethode, and ‘racial hygiene’. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Mann H, Djulbegovic B (2012).
Comparator bias: why comparisons must address genuine uncertainties. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Campbell MJ (2012).
Doing clinical trials large enough to achieve adequate reductions in uncertainties about treatment effects. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Chalmers I (2013).
UK Medical Research Council and multicentre clinical trials: from a damning report to international recognition. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Bryder L (2014).
The Medical Research Council and treatments for tuberculosis before streptomycin. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Bird SM (2014).
The 1959 meeting in Vienna on controlled clinical trials – a methodological landmark. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Toth B (2015).
Why the MRC Therapeutic Trials Committee didn’t introduce controlled clinical trials. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Zwarenstein M (2016).
‘Pragmatic’ and ‘Explanatory’ attitudes to randomized trials. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Scadding JW (2017).
John Guyett Scadding’s scepticism and pragmatism in addressing treatment uncertainties in clinical practice. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Farewell V, Johnson A† (2017).
Major Greenwood and clinical trials. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Altman DG† (2017).
Donald Mainland: anatomist, educator, thinker, medical statistician, trialist, rheumatologist. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Wartolowska K, Beard DJ, Carr AJ (2017).
The use of placebos in controlled trials of surgical interventions: a brief history. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Pollock JI (2017).
A controlled trial using a factorial design reported in 1946. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Toth B (2018).
Pioneering controlled trials of treatments for erysipelas and pneumonia in Glasgow, 1936-47. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Altman DG†, Grimes DA, Moher D, Hayes RJ (2018).
‘Allocation concealment’: the evolution and adoption of a methodological term. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Garattini S (2018).
Italian controlled trials to assess prevention and treatment of malaria, 1900-1930s. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Johnson A† (2019).
Textbooks and other publications on controlled clinical trials, 1948 to 1983. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Marson Smith P, Colquhoun D, Chalmers I (2019).
John Henry Gaddum’s 1940 guidance on controlled clinical trials JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Meinert C† (2019).
The trials and tribulations of the University Group Diabetes Program: lessons and reflections. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Welsh BC, Podolsky SH, Zane SN (2020).
Between medicine and criminology: Richard Cabot’s contribution to the design of experimental evaluations of social interventions in the late 1930s. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Brinkmann R, Podolsky SH (2021).
The ‘Personal Equation’ as observer bias, and proposed methods to contain it in Anglo-American medicine. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Senn SJ, Chalmers I (2021).
Giving and taking: ethical treatment assignment in controlled trials. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Held L, Matthews RAJ (2022).
Paradigm lost: Carl Liebermeister and the development of modern medical statistics. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Chalmers I, Matthews R, Glasziou P, Boutron I, Armitage P† (2023).
Analysis of clinical trial by Treatment Allocated or by Treatment Received? Applying ‘the intention-to-treat principle’. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.