Improving reports of research

High quality, complete reports of research are needed to provide maximum return on the public’s substantial investment in research on the effects of treatments.

71 RECORDS
9 ARTICLES

The need to address treatment uncertainties

Principles of Testing

Treatment comparisons are essential

Treatment comparisons must be fair

Biases

Double dummy

The play of chance

Bringing it all together for the benefit of patients and the public

James Lind LibraryIllustrating the development of fair tests of treatments in health care

Improving reports of research

High quality, complete reports of research are needed to provide maximum return on the public’s substantial investment in research on the effects of treatments.

SORT date ▲ author

71 RECORDS

9 ARTICLES

Codman EA (1916) A study in hospital efficiency. Boston: privately printed.

Wistar Institute (1934) Style brief, a guide for authors in preparing manuscripts and drawings for the most effective and economical method of publishing biological research. Philadelphia: The Wistar Institute Press.

Mainland D (1938) The treatment of clinical and laboratory data: an introduction to statistical ideas and methods for medical and dental workers. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd.

Daniels M (1950) Scientific appraisement of new drugs in tuberculosis. American Review of Tuberculosis 61:751-756.

Daniels M (1951) Clinical evaluation of chemotherapy in tuberculosis. British Medical Bulletin 7:320-326.

Mainland D (1952) Intercurrent Events. In: Elementary Medical Statistics: the principles of quantitative medicine. London: WB Saunders Company, p 109. [Facimile copy printed and bound in India. Pranava Books. 2- LB100151138852 -301 -4 sa.]

Herdan G (1955) Statistics of Therapeutic Trials. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Cole JO, Ross S, Bouthilet L, Freeman H, Bennett IF, Hoffman JL, Lehmann H (1957) Recommendations for reporting studies of psychiatric drugs. Public Health Report 72:638–645.

Sutherland I (1958) Statistical aspects of clinical trials. In: Dodds C, ed. Report of a Symposium on Clinical Trials held at The Royal Society of Medicine, London, 25 April, p 53, pp 50-55.

Waife SO (1959) Problems of publication. In: Waife SO, Shapiro AP (1959). The clinical evaluation of new drugs. New York: Hoeber-Harper, 213-216.

Laurence DR, ed. (1959) Quantitative Methods in Human Pharmacology and Therapeutics. London: Pergamon Press.

Lasagna L, Meier P (1959) Experimental Design and Statistical Problems. In: Waife SO, Shapiro AP, eds. The Clinical Evaluation of New Drugs. New York: Hoeber. pp 37-60.

Knowelden J (1959) Prophylactic trials. In: Witts LJ ed. Medical Surveys and Clinical Trials. London: Oxford University Press. pp 118-133.

Knowelden J (1960) The analysis and presentation of results. In: Hill AB, ed. Controlled Clinical Trials. In: Hill AB, ed. Controlled Clinical Trials. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 155-159.

Bywaters E (1960) Rheumatoid arthritis. Treatment and illustrative answers. In: Hill AB ed. Controlled Clinical Trials. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, pp 75-83.

Glick BS, Margolis R (1962) A study of the influence of experimental design on clinical outcome in drug research. American Journal of Psychiatry 118:1087-1096.

Glick BS (1963) Inadequacies in the reporting of clinical drug research. Psychiatr Q 37:234-44.

Mahon WA, Daniel EE (1964) A method for the assessment of reports of drug trials. Canadian Medical Association Journal 90:565-9.

Hill AB (1965) The reasons for writing. BMJ 2:870.

Ertl N (1969) A new way of documenting scientific data from medical publications. Karger Gazette 20:1-4.

Hemminki E (1981) Quality of reports of clinical trials submitted by the drug industry to the Finnish and Swedish control authorities. European Journal of Clincal Pharmacology 19:157-165.

Chalmers TC, Smith JH, Blackburn B, Silverman B, Schroeder B, Reitman D, Ambroz A (1981) A method for assessing the quality of a randomized control trial. Controlled Clinical Trials 2: 31-49.

Altman DG (1981) Statistics and ethics in medical research. VIII-Improving the quality of statistics in medical journals. BMJ 282:44–47.

Hampton JR (1981) Presentation and analysis of the results of clinical trials in cardiovascular disease BMJ 282:1371-1373.

Hemminki E (1982) Quality of clinical trials – a concern of three decades. Methods of Information in Medicine 21:81-85.

Altman DG (1982) Statistics in medical journals. Statistics in Medicine 1:59-71.

Altman DG, Gore SM, Gardner MJ, Pocock SJ (1983) Statistical guidelines for contributors to medical journals. BMJ 286:1489-93.

Ad Hoc Working Group for Critical Appraisal of the Medical Literature (1987) A proposal for more informative abstracts of clinical articles. Annals of Internal Medicine 106:598-604.

Pocock SJ, Hughes MD, Lee RJ (1987) Statistical problems in the reporting of clinical trials. A survey of three medical journals. New England Journal of Medicine 317:426-32.

Roifman CM, Levison H, Gelfand EW (1987) High-dose versus low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin in hypogammaglobulinaemia and chronic lung disease. Lancet 329: 1075–1077.

Huth EJ (1987) Structured abstracts for papers reporting clinical trials. Annals of Internal Medicine 106:626-627.

Haynes RB, Mulrow CD, Huth EJ, Altman DG, Gardner MJ (1990) More informative abstracts revisited. Annals of Internal Medicine 113:69-75.

Guyatt GH (1991) Evidence-Based Medicine. American College of Physicians Journal Club March/April: A-16.

Oxman AD, Guyatt GH (1991) Validation of an index of the quality of review articles. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 44:121-1278.

Hill AB, Hill ID (1991) Differential exclusions. In: Bradford Hill’s Principles of Medical Statistics. 12th edition. London: Edward Arnold. pp 226-228.

Oxman AD, Guyatt GH, Cook DJ, Jaeschke R, Heddle N, Keller J (1993) An index of scientific quality for health reports in the lay press. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 46:987-1001.

Standards of Reporting Trials Group (1994) A proposal for structured reporting of randomized controlled trials. JAMA 272:1926-31.

Moher D, Dulberg CS, Wells GA. (1994) Statistical power, sample size, and their reporting in randomized controlled trials. JAMA 272:122-4.

Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Altman DG, Grimes DA, Doré CJ (1995) The methodologic quality of randomization as assessed from reports of trials in specialist and general medical journals. Online Journal of Current Clinical Trials 4:197.

Moher D, Jadad AR, Nichol G, Penman M, Tugwell P, Walsh S (1995) Assessing the quality of randomized controlled trials: an annotated bibliography of scales and checklists. Control Clinical Trials 16:62-73.

The CONSORT Group (1996) Improving the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials. The CONSORT Statement. JAMA 276:637-639.

Moher D, Pham B, Jones A, Cook DJ, Jadad AR, Moher M, Tugwell P, Klassen TP (1998) Does quality of reports of randomised trials affect estimates of intervention efficacy reported in meta-analyses? Lancet 352:609-613.

Jefferson T, Deeks J (1999) The use of systematic reviews for editorial peer reviewing: a population approach. . In: Godlee F, Jefferson T, eds. Peer review in health sciences. London: BMJ Books, pp 224-234.

Hollis S, Campbell F (1999) What is meant by intention-to-treat analysis? Survey of published randomised controlled trials. BMJ 319:670-674.

Ruiz-Canela M, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, de Irala-Estevez J (2000) Intention-to-treat analysis is related to methodological quality. BMJ 320:107-108.

Clarke M, Alderson P, Chalmers I (2002) Discussion sections in reports of controlled trials published in general medical journals. JAMA 287: 2799-801.

Hopewell S, Clarke M (2003) How important is the size of a reprint order? International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 19:711-714.

Clarke M, Hopewell S, Chalmers I (2007) Reports of clinical trials should begin and end with up-to-date systematic reviews of other relevant evidence: a status report. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 100: 187-90.

Clarke L, Clarke M, Clarke T (2007) How useful are Cochrane reviews in identifying research needs? Journal of Health Services Research and Policy 12, 101-103. journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1258/135581907780279648

Clarke M, Hopewell S, Chalmers I (2010) Clinical trials should begin and end with systematic reviews of relevant evidence: 12 years and waiting. Lancet 376: 20-1.

Robinson KA, Goodman SN (2011) A systematic examination of the citation of prior research in reports of randomized, controlled trials. Annals of Internal Medicine 154(1): 50-55.

Montedori A, Cherubini A, Bonacini MI, Casazza G, Luchetta ML, Duca P, Cozzolino F, Abraha I (2011) Modified versus standard intention-to-treat reporting: Are there differences in methodological quality, sponsorship, and findings in randomised trials? A cross-sectional study. Trials 12:58.

White IR, Carpenter J, Horton NJ (2012) Including all individuals is not enough: lessons for intention-to-treat analysis. Clinical Trials 9:396-407.

Clarke M, Hopewell S (2013) Many reports of randomised trials still don’t begin or end with a systematic review of the relevant evidence. Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society 24: 145-8.

Bafeta A, Trinquart L, Seror R, Ravaud P (2014) Reporting of results from network meta-analyses: methodological systematic review. BMJ 348:g1741

Pound P, Bracken M (2014) Is animal research sufficiently evidence based to be a cornerstone of biomedical research? BMJ 348:g3387 doi: 10.1136/bmj.g3387.

Altman DG (2015) Making research articles fit for purpose: structured reporting of key methods and findings. Trials 16:53.

Abraha I, Cherubini A, Cozzolino F, De Florio R, Luchetta ML, Rimland JM, Folletti I, Marchesi M, Germani A, Orso M, Eusebi P, Montedori A (2015) Deviation from intention to treat analysis in randomised trials and treatment effect estimates: meta-epidemiological study. BMJ 2015;350:h2445.

Pound P, Ritskes‑Hoitinga M (2018) Is it possible to overcome issues of external validity in preclinical animal research? Why most animal models are bound to fail. J Transl Med 16:304 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-018-1678-1.

Ritskes-Hoitinga M, Wever K (2018) Improving the conduct, reporting, and appraisal of animal research. BMJ 360:j4935 doi: 10.1136/bmj.j4935.

RECOVERY Trial Team (2020) Randomized Evaluation of COVID019 Therapy (RECOVERY). RECOVERY Central Coordinating Office, Oxford. www.recoverytrial.net

Bradley SH, DeVito NJ, Lloyd KE, Richards GC, Rombey T, Wayant C, Gill PJ (2020) Reducing bias and improving transparency in medical research: a critical overview of the problems, progress and suggested next steps. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 113:433-443.

Ritskes-Hoitinga M, Leenaars C, Beumer W, Roo TC, Stafleu F, Meijboom FLB (2020) Improving Translation by Identifying Evidence for More Human-Relevant Preclinical Strategies. Animals 10, 1170; doi:10.3390/ani10071170

Pérez-Gaxiola G, Verdugo-Paiva F, Rada G, Flórez ID (2021) Assessment of Duplicate Evidence in Systematic Reviews of Imaging Findings of Children With COVID-19. JAMA Network Open 4(1):e2032690.

McLennan S, Nussbaumer-Streit B, Hemkens LG, Briel M (2021) Barriers and Facilitating Factors for Conducting Systematic Evidence Assessments in Academic Clinical Trials. JAMA Network Open. 4(11):e2136577. url: doi/org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.36577

Andreasen J, Nørgaard B, Juhl CB, Yost J, Brunnhuber K, Robinson KA, Lund H (2022) Systematic reviews are rarely used to contextualise new results-a systematic review and meta-analysis of meta-research studies. Systematic Reviews 11(1) 189.

Glasziou P, Jones M, Clarke M (2024) Setting new research in the context of previous research: some options. BMJ Evidence Based Medicine. 29(1):44-46

Show ALL ARTICLES Brief histories Commentaries Biographies Personal reflections Doctoral theses

Crofton J† (2005).Marc Daniels (1907-1953), a pioneer in establishing standards for clinical trial methods and reporting. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Wager E (2015).Good Publication Practice 3: reflections on becoming a guideline grandmother. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Altman DG†, Simera I (2015).A history of the evolution of guidelines for reporting medical research: the long road to the EQUATOR Network. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Haynes RB (2016).Improving reports of research by more informative abstracts: a personal reflection JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Donaldson IML (2016).Reflections on translating passages on ‘empirical’ and ‘dogmatic’ medicine in Celsus’s De medicina. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Altman DG† (2017).Donald Mainland: anatomist, educator, thinker, medical statistician, trialist, rheumatologist. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

James Lind Library
Illustrating the development of fair tests of treatments in health care

Codman EA (1916)
A study in hospital efficiency. Boston: privately printed.

Wistar Institute (1934)
Style brief, a guide for authors in preparing manuscripts and drawings for the most effective and economical method of publishing biological research. Philadelphia: The Wistar Institute Press.

Mainland D (1938)
The treatment of clinical and laboratory data: an introduction to statistical ideas and methods for medical and dental workers. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd.

Daniels M (1950)
Scientific appraisement of new drugs in tuberculosis. American Review of Tuberculosis 61:751-756.

Daniels M (1951)
Clinical evaluation of chemotherapy in tuberculosis. British Medical Bulletin 7:320-326.

Mainland D (1952)
Intercurrent Events. In: Elementary Medical Statistics: the principles of quantitative medicine. London: WB Saunders Company, p 109. [Facimile copy printed and bound in India. Pranava Books. 2- LB100151138852 -301 -4 sa.]

Herdan G (1955)
Statistics of Therapeutic Trials. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Cole JO, Ross S, Bouthilet L, Freeman H, Bennett IF, Hoffman JL, Lehmann H (1957)
Recommendations for reporting studies of psychiatric drugs. Public Health Report 72:638–645.

Sutherland I (1958)
Statistical aspects of clinical trials. In: Dodds C, ed. Report of a Symposium on Clinical Trials held at The Royal Society of Medicine, London, 25 April, p 53, pp 50-55.

Waife SO (1959)
Problems of publication. In: Waife SO, Shapiro AP (1959). The clinical evaluation of new drugs. New York: Hoeber-Harper, 213-216.

Laurence DR, ed. (1959)
Quantitative Methods in Human Pharmacology and Therapeutics. London: Pergamon Press.

Lasagna L, Meier P (1959)
Experimental Design and Statistical Problems. In: Waife SO, Shapiro AP, eds. The Clinical Evaluation of New Drugs. New York: Hoeber. pp 37-60.

Knowelden J (1959)
Prophylactic trials. In: Witts LJ ed. Medical Surveys and Clinical Trials. London: Oxford University Press. pp 118-133.

Knowelden J (1960)
The analysis and presentation of results. In: Hill AB, ed. Controlled Clinical Trials. In: Hill AB, ed. Controlled Clinical Trials. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 155-159.

Bywaters E (1960)
Rheumatoid arthritis. Treatment and illustrative answers. In: Hill AB ed. Controlled Clinical Trials. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, pp 75-83.

Glick BS, Margolis R (1962)
A study of the influence of experimental design on clinical outcome in drug research. American Journal of Psychiatry 118:1087-1096.

Glick BS (1963)
Inadequacies in the reporting of clinical drug research. Psychiatr Q 37:234-44.

Mahon WA, Daniel EE (1964)
A method for the assessment of reports of drug trials. Canadian Medical Association Journal 90:565-9.

Hill AB (1965)
The reasons for writing. BMJ 2:870.

Ertl N (1969)
A new way of documenting scientific data from medical publications. Karger Gazette 20:1-4.

Hemminki E (1981)
Quality of reports of clinical trials submitted by the drug industry to the Finnish and Swedish control authorities. European Journal of Clincal Pharmacology 19:157-165.

Chalmers TC, Smith JH, Blackburn B, Silverman B, Schroeder B, Reitman D, Ambroz A (1981)
A method for assessing the quality of a randomized control trial. Controlled Clinical Trials 2: 31-49.

Altman DG (1981)
Statistics and ethics in medical research. VIII-Improving the quality of statistics in medical journals. BMJ 282:44–47.

Hampton JR (1981)
Presentation and analysis of the results of clinical trials in cardiovascular disease BMJ 282:1371-1373.

Hemminki E (1982)
Quality of clinical trials – a concern of three decades. Methods of Information in Medicine 21:81-85.

Altman DG (1982)
Statistics in medical journals. Statistics in Medicine 1:59-71.

Altman DG, Gore SM, Gardner MJ, Pocock SJ (1983)
Statistical guidelines for contributors to medical journals. BMJ 286:1489-93.

Ad Hoc Working Group for Critical Appraisal of the Medical Literature (1987)
A proposal for more informative abstracts of clinical articles. Annals of Internal Medicine 106:598-604.

Pocock SJ, Hughes MD, Lee RJ (1987)
Statistical problems in the reporting of clinical trials. A survey of three medical journals. New England Journal of Medicine 317:426-32.

Roifman CM, Levison H, Gelfand EW (1987)
High-dose versus low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin in hypogammaglobulinaemia and chronic lung disease. Lancet 329: 1075–1077.

Huth EJ (1987)
Structured abstracts for papers reporting clinical trials. Annals of Internal Medicine 106:626-627.

Haynes RB, Mulrow CD, Huth EJ, Altman DG, Gardner MJ (1990)
More informative abstracts revisited. Annals of Internal Medicine 113:69-75.

Guyatt GH (1991)
Evidence-Based Medicine. American College of Physicians Journal Club March/April: A-16.

Oxman AD, Guyatt GH (1991)
Validation of an index of the quality of review articles. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 44:121-1278.

Hill AB, Hill ID (1991)
Differential exclusions. In: Bradford Hill’s Principles of Medical Statistics. 12th edition. London: Edward Arnold. pp 226-228.

Oxman AD, Guyatt GH, Cook DJ, Jaeschke R, Heddle N, Keller J (1993)
An index of scientific quality for health reports in the lay press. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 46:987-1001.

Standards of Reporting Trials Group (1994)
A proposal for structured reporting of randomized controlled trials. JAMA 272:1926-31.

Moher D, Dulberg CS, Wells GA. (1994)
Statistical power, sample size, and their reporting in randomized controlled trials. JAMA 272:122-4.

Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Altman DG, Grimes DA, Doré CJ (1995)
The methodologic quality of randomization as assessed from reports of trials in specialist and general medical journals. Online Journal of Current Clinical Trials 4:197.

Moher D, Jadad AR, Nichol G, Penman M, Tugwell P, Walsh S (1995)
Assessing the quality of randomized controlled trials: an annotated bibliography of scales and checklists. Control Clinical Trials 16:62-73.

The CONSORT Group (1996)
Improving the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials. The CONSORT Statement. JAMA 276:637-639.

Moher D, Pham B, Jones A, Cook DJ, Jadad AR, Moher M, Tugwell P, Klassen TP (1998)
Does quality of reports of randomised trials affect estimates of intervention efficacy reported in meta-analyses? Lancet 352:609-613.

Jefferson T, Deeks J (1999)
The use of systematic reviews for editorial peer reviewing: a population approach. . In: Godlee F, Jefferson T, eds. Peer review in health sciences. London: BMJ Books, pp 224-234.

Hollis S, Campbell F (1999)
What is meant by intention-to-treat analysis? Survey of published randomised controlled trials. BMJ 319:670-674.

Ruiz-Canela M, Martinez-Gonzalez MA, de Irala-Estevez J (2000)
Intention-to-treat analysis is related to methodological quality. BMJ 320:107-108.

Clarke M, Alderson P, Chalmers I (2002)
Discussion sections in reports of controlled trials published in general medical journals. JAMA 287: 2799-801.

Hopewell S, Clarke M (2003)
How important is the size of a reprint order? International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 19:711-714.

Clarke M, Hopewell S, Chalmers I (2007)
Reports of clinical trials should begin and end with up-to-date systematic reviews of other relevant evidence: a status report. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 100: 187-90.

Clarke L, Clarke M, Clarke T (2007)
How useful are Cochrane reviews in identifying research needs? Journal of Health Services Research and Policy 12, 101-103. journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1258/135581907780279648

Clarke M, Hopewell S, Chalmers I (2010)
Clinical trials should begin and end with systematic reviews of relevant evidence: 12 years and waiting. Lancet 376: 20-1.

Robinson KA, Goodman SN (2011)
A systematic examination of the citation of prior research in reports of randomized, controlled trials. Annals of Internal Medicine 154(1): 50-55.

Montedori A, Cherubini A, Bonacini MI, Casazza G, Luchetta ML, Duca P, Cozzolino F, Abraha I (2011)
Modified versus standard intention-to-treat reporting: Are there differences in methodological quality, sponsorship, and findings in randomised trials? A cross-sectional study. Trials 12:58.

White IR, Carpenter J, Horton NJ (2012)
Including all individuals is not enough: lessons for intention-to-treat analysis. Clinical Trials 9:396-407.

Clarke M, Hopewell S (2013)
Many reports of randomised trials still don’t begin or end with a systematic review of the relevant evidence. Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society 24: 145-8.

Bafeta A, Trinquart L, Seror R, Ravaud P (2014)
Reporting of results from network meta-analyses: methodological systematic review. BMJ 348:g1741

Pound P, Bracken M (2014)
Is animal research sufficiently evidence based to be a cornerstone of biomedical research? BMJ 348:g3387 doi: 10.1136/bmj.g3387.

Altman DG (2015)
Making research articles fit for purpose: structured reporting of key methods and findings. Trials 16:53.

Abraha I, Cherubini A, Cozzolino F, De Florio R, Luchetta ML, Rimland JM, Folletti I, Marchesi M, Germani A, Orso M, Eusebi P, Montedori A (2015)
Deviation from intention to treat analysis in randomised trials and treatment effect estimates: meta-epidemiological study. BMJ 2015;350:h2445.

Pound P, Ritskes‑Hoitinga M (2018)
Is it possible to overcome issues of external validity in preclinical animal research? Why most animal models are bound to fail. J Transl Med 16:304 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-018-1678-1.

Ritskes-Hoitinga M, Wever K (2018)
Improving the conduct, reporting, and appraisal of animal research. BMJ 360:j4935 doi: 10.1136/bmj.j4935.

RECOVERY Trial Team (2020)
Randomized Evaluation of COVID019 Therapy (RECOVERY). RECOVERY Central Coordinating Office, Oxford. www.recoverytrial.net

Bradley SH, DeVito NJ, Lloyd KE, Richards GC, Rombey T, Wayant C, Gill PJ (2020)
Reducing bias and improving transparency in medical research: a critical overview of the problems, progress and suggested next steps. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 113:433-443.

Ritskes-Hoitinga M, Leenaars C, Beumer W, Roo TC, Stafleu F, Meijboom FLB (2020)
Improving Translation by Identifying Evidence for More Human-Relevant Preclinical Strategies. Animals 10, 1170; doi:10.3390/ani10071170

Pérez-Gaxiola G, Verdugo-Paiva F, Rada G, Flórez ID (2021)
Assessment of Duplicate Evidence in Systematic Reviews of Imaging Findings of Children With COVID-19. JAMA Network Open 4(1):e2032690.

McLennan S, Nussbaumer-Streit B, Hemkens LG, Briel M (2021)
Barriers and Facilitating Factors for Conducting Systematic Evidence Assessments in Academic Clinical Trials. JAMA Network Open. 4(11):e2136577. url: doi/org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.36577

Andreasen J, Nørgaard B, Juhl CB, Yost J, Brunnhuber K, Robinson KA, Lund H (2022)
Systematic reviews are rarely used to contextualise new results-a systematic review and meta-analysis of meta-research studies. Systematic Reviews 11(1) 189.

Glasziou P, Jones M, Clarke M (2024)
Setting new research in the context of previous research: some options. BMJ Evidence Based Medicine. 29(1):44-46

Show

Crofton J† (2005).
Marc Daniels (1907-1953), a pioneer in establishing standards for clinical trial methods and reporting. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Wager E (2015).
Good Publication Practice 3: reflections on becoming a guideline grandmother. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Altman DG†, Simera I (2015).
A history of the evolution of guidelines for reporting medical research: the long road to the EQUATOR Network. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Haynes RB (2016).
Improving reports of research by more informative abstracts: a personal reflection JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Donaldson IML (2016).
Reflections on translating passages on ‘empirical’ and ‘dogmatic’ medicine in Celsus’s De medicina. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Altman DG† (2017).
Donald Mainland: anatomist, educator, thinker, medical statistician, trialist, rheumatologist. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Altman DG†, Grimes DA, Moher D, Hayes RJ (2018).
‘Allocation concealment’: the evolution and adoption of a methodological term. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Chalmers I, Matthews R, Glasziou P, Boutron I, Armitage P† (2023).
Analysis of clinical trial by Treatment Allocated or by Treatment Received? Applying ‘the intention-to-treat principle’. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.

Clarke M, Chalmers I, Alderson P, Hopewell S (2024).
Reports of randomised control trials (RCTs) should begin and conclude with up-to-date systematic reviews of other relevant trials: a 25-year audit of the quality of trial reports. JLL Bulletin: Commentaries on the history of treatment evaluation.