العربية
简体中文
Français
Português
Русский
Español
James Lind Library
Illustrating the development of fair tests of treatments in health care
Home
About the Library
Topics
Essays
Records
Articles
Menu
Home
About the Library
Topics
Essays
Records
Articles
Search
Marshall EK (1949)
Clinical therapeutic trial of a new drug. Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital 85:221-230.
Title page(s)
Key passage(s)
RELEVANT TOPICS
The need to address treatment uncertainties
Principles of Testing
Treatment comparisons are essential
Treatment comparisons must be fair
All topics
Fair tests of treatments
The need to address treatment uncertainties
Principles of Testing
Treatment comparisons are essential
Placebo effects
Dramatic effects
Treatment comparisons must be fair
Biases
Design bias
Allocation bias
N-of-1 crossover
Cluster allocation
Crossover tests
Factorial design
Co-intervention bias
Observer bias
Double dummy
Analysis bias
Biases in judging unanticipated possible effects
Reporting bias
Biases in systematic reviews
Researcher/sponsor bias and fraud
The play of chance
Recording and interpreting numbers
Quantifying uncertainty
Using meta-analysis
Bringing it all together for the benefit of patients and the public
Improving reports of research
Preparing and maintaining systematic reviews
Using the results of research
