Iain Chalmers: a bibliography

Posted by Patricia Atkinson on March 20, 2020

Sir Iain Chalmers is Editor Emeritus and Co-founder of the James Lind Library.

Iain has published extensively throughout his career over six decades.  Many thanks to Patricia Atkinson for preparing this list and tracking down online versions.

Volumes: 1 (1972-79) | 2 (1980-83) | 3 (1984-87) | 4 (1988-89) | 5 (1990-94) | 6 (1995-99) | 7 (2000-03) | 8 (2004-06) | 9 (2007-11)

Volume 1 (1972 – 1979) – [1962] *

0. Chalmers I. Isolationism. Middlesex Hospital Journal April 1962 p78-81
1. Chalmers I, Anderson ABM. Factors affecting gestational age at therapeutic abortion. Lancet 1972;1:1324-1326.
2. Chalmers I, Campbell H, Turnbull AC. Use of oxytocin and incidence of neonatal jaundice. BMJ 1975;2:116-118.
3. Newcombe RG, Chalmers I, Campbell H. Maternal deaths. Lancet 1975;2:1099.
3x. Chalmers I. Why SPUC? Cardiff People’s Paper 1975;36:2.
3xx. Chalmers I. Abortion Controversy. Cardiff People’s Paper 1975;39:2-3.
4. Bland M, Chalmers I, Haines A, White T, Heller T, Macfarlane A, Russell I. Priorities for health. Lancet 1976;2:1030.
5. Chalmers I. Abortion and maternal deaths. BMJ 1976;2:698.
6. Chalmers I. British debate on obstetric practice. Pediatrics 1976;58:308-312.
7. Chalmers I. Democracy in the National Health Service. Paper prepared for the joint Wales TUC/Wales SMA Conference, Llandrindod Wells, 30 Oct 1976.
8. Chalmers I. Neonatal jaundice – cause not known. Nursing Times 1976;71:1084-1086;1398-1399.
9. Chalmers I. Obstetric delivery today. Lancet 1976;1:1125.
10. Chalmers I, Campbell H, Turnbull AC. Oxytocin and neonatal jaundice. BMJ 1976;1:647-648.
11. Chalmers I, Lawson JG, Turnbull AC. Evaluation of different approaches to obstetric care I. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1976;83:921-929.
12. Chalmers I, Lawson JG, Turnbull AC. Evaluation of different approaches to obstetric care II. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1976;83:930-933.
13. Chalmers I, Zlosnik JE, Johns KA, Campbell H. Obstetric practice and outcome of pregnancy in Cardiff residents, 1965-1973. BMJ 1976;1:735-738.
14. Radical Statistics Health Group. Whose Priorities? Radical Statistics 1976;1:1-36.
15. Chalmers I. Epidemiological surveillance in perinatal practice. In: Colombo F, Tognoni G, Garratini F, eds.  Epidemiological Evaluation of Drugs. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press, 1977:249-255.
16. Chalmers I. The Risk at Delivery (eds Keller PJ, Mandruzzato GP). British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1977;84:880. (Book review).
17. Chalmers I. The state of health. The Listener 1977;8 Sept.
18. Chalmers I, Lawson JG, Turnbull AC. Evaluation of different approaches to obstetric care. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1977;84:639-640.
19. Chalmers I, Newcombe RC, Campbell H. Induction of labour and perinatal mortality. BMJ 1977;1:707-708.
20. Chalmers I, Richards MPM. Intervention and causal inference in obstetric practice. In: Chard T, Richards MPM, eds. Benefits and Hazards of the New Obstetrics. Clinics in Development Medicine No. 64.  London: Spastics International Medical Publications/William Heinemann Medical Books, 1977:34-61.
21. Davies AC, Chalmers I, Fahmy DR. Predicting fetal death. BMJ 1977;1:443.
22. Newcombe RG, Chalmers I, Fedrick J. Antenatal identification of patients “at risk” of preterm labour.  In: Anderson ABM, Beard RW, Brudenell JM, Dunn PM, eds.  Preterm Labour.  Proceedings of the 5th College Study Group. London: Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 1977:17-28.
23. Newcombe RG, Chalmers I. Changes in distribution of gestational age and birth weight among first born infants of Cardiff residents. BMJ 1977;2:925-926.
24. Chalmers I. Implications of the current debate on obstetric practice. In: Kitzinger S, Davis J, eds. The Place of Birth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1978:44-54.
25. Chalmers I. Medical experimentation. World Medicine 1978;5 Apr:18.
26. Chalmers I. Perinatal epidemiology. Midwife, Health Visitor and Community Nurse 1978;14:380-382.
27. Chalmers I. Perinatal epidemiology: strengths, limitations and possible hazards. In: Beard RW, Campbell S, eds. Current Status of Fetal Monitoring and Ultrasound. London: Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 1978:12-25.
28. Chalmers I, Dauncey ME, Verrier-Jones ER, Dodge JA, Gray OP. Respiratory distress syndrome in infants of Cardiff residents during 1965-1975. BMJ 1978;2:1119-1121.
29. Chalmers I, Newcombe RG, West RR, Campbell H, Weatherall J, Lambert P, Adelstein A. Adjusted perinatal mortality rates in administrative areas of England and Wales. Health Trends 1978;10:24-29.
30. Radical Statistics Health Group. A critique of: ‘Priorities for health and personal social services in England’. International Journal of Health Services 1978;8:367-400.
30x. Chalmers I. Child Health in China. Wales China News 1978;2:1-2
31. Chalmers I. Birth weight programme. Working paper written for the Family Health Division of the World Health Organization, Geneva, 1979.
32. Chalmers I. Causal thinking in perinatal medicine. Journal of Maternal and Child Health 1979;4:188-189.
33. Chalmers I. Desirability and feasibility of a 4th national perinatal survey. Report submitted to the DHSS, London, 1979.
34. Chalmers I. The epidemiology of perinatal practice. Journal of Maternal and Child Health 1979;4:435-436.
35. Chalmers I. Hairless in Arcadia: a cautionary tale for bounty hunters. Radical Statistics 1979;15:29-38.
36. Chalmers I. Health care and epidemiology (ed Holland WW). Lancet 1979;1:135-136. (Book review).
37. Chalmers I. Major mental handicap: methods and costs of prevention (eds Elliott K, O’Connor M). Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 1979;21:408-409. (Book review).
38. Chalmers I. Maternal mortality. BMJ 1979;2:1294.
39. Chalmers I. Perinatal epidemiology. Journal of Maternal and Child Health 1979;4:80-81.
40. Chalmers I. Perinatal health: the search for indices. Lancet 1979;2:1063-1065.
41. Chalmers I. Randomized controlled trials of fetal monitoring, 1973-1977. In: Thalhammer O, Baumgarten K, Pollak A, eds. Perinatal Medicine. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme, 1979:260-265.
42. Chalmers I, Macfarlane JA. Towards defensive obstetrics. Lancet 1979;1:53.
43. Editorial. Putting children first. BMJ 1979;2:623-624.
44. McPherson A, Richards MPM, Chalmers I. Developing a bibliography of randomized controlled trials in perinatal medicine. Report submitted to the Family Health Division of the World Health Organization, Geneva, Feb 1979.

Volume 2 (1980 – 1983)

45. Chalmers I. Intensive or extensive care in perinatal health services? Community Medicine 1980;2:279-281
46. Chalmers I. An introduction to perinatal audit and surveillance. In: Chalmers I, McIlwaine G, eds. Perinatal Audit and Surveillance. London: Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 1980:7-16.
47. Chalmers I. Perinatal health: Shanghai. Lancet 1980;1:137-139.
48. Chalmers I. Problems in evaluation. In: Kelly M, ed. Maternity Care in Ferment: conflicting issues. New York: Maternity Center Association, 1980:29-35.
49. Chalmers I, Macfarlane A. Interpretation of perinatal statistics. In: Wharton B, ed. Topics in Perinatal Medicine. London: Pitman Medical, 1980:1-11.
50. Chalmers I, Oakley A, Macfarlane JA. Perinatal health services: an immodest proposal. BMJ 1980;1:842-845.
51.
52. Editorial. Whose baby is it anyway?  Lancet 1980;1:1284-1285.
53. Enkin E, Chalmers I, Enkin M. An index for classifying perinatal literature. Pilot Edition. Oxford: National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, 1980.
54. Enkin M, Chalmers I. Inquiries into perinatal deaths at Area Health Authority level (a status report Winter 1979-80). Community Medicine 1980;2:219-224.
55. Macfarlane A, Chalmers I. Birth and infant mortality statistics. In: Russell I, ed. Health Statistics in Britain: proceedings of the 1980 Statistics Users Conference. Newcastle: Health Care Research Unit, 1980:1.1-1.12.
56. Macfarlane A, Chalmers I, Adelstein AM. The role of standardisation in the interpretation of perinatal mortality rates. Health Trends 1980;12:45-50.
57. Mitchell P, Chalmers I. Perinatal practice and compensation for handicap. BMJ 1980;281:868.
58. Radical Statistics Health Group. In defence of the National Health Service. International Journal of Health Services 1980;10:611-645.
59. Chalmers I. Evaluation of perinatal practice: the limitations of audit by death. In: Chester R, Diggory P, Sutherland MB, eds. Changing Patterns of Childbearing and Child Rearing. London: Academic Press, 1981:39-56.
60. Chalmers I, Adelstein AM. Improving the quality of perinatal statistics. Lancet 1981;2:640.
61. Chalmers I, Mutch LMM. Are current trends in perinatal practice associated with an increase or a decrease in handicapping conditions? Lancet 1981;1:1415.
62. Grant A, Chalmers I. Register of controlled trials in perinatal medicine. Lancet 1981;1:100.
63. Macfarlane A, Chalmers I. Problems in the interpretation of perinatal mortality statistics. In: Hull D, ed. Recent Advances in Paediatrics. London: Churchill Livingstone, 1981:1-12.
64. Newcombe RG, Chalmers I. Assessing the risk of preterm labour. In: Elder MG, Hendricks CH, eds. Preterm Labour. London: Butterworths International Medical Reviews, 1981:47-60.
65. Papiernik E, Lazar P, Bell EF, Rush D, Grennert L, Grant A, Chalmers I. Collaborative trials in perinatal medicine. BMJ 1981;282:309.
66. Barson AJ, Davis JA, Jolly HR, Chalmers I, Short R, Tizard P, Wigglesworth JS. Problems with perinatal pathology. BMJ 1982;284:973-974.
67. Chalmers I. Data on perinatal mortality. BMJ 1982;284:596.
68. Chalmers I. Les enquêtes confidentielles lors des décès périnatals et infantiles.  I. L’échelon national. La Revue de Pédiatrie, Pédiatrie Sociale.  T.XVIII. Novembre 1982;9:553-561.
69. Chalmers I. Les enquêtes sur la mortalité périnatale en Grande-Bretagne. In: Michelon B, ed. L’évaluation des soins en gynécologie et obstetrique. Paris: Collège National des Gynécologues et Obstetriciens Français, 1982:61-68.
70. Chalmers I, Baum M. Consent to randomized treatment. Lancet 1982;2:1050-1051.
71. Enkin M, Chalmers I, eds. Effectiveness and Satisfaction in Antenatal Care. Clinics in Development Medicine Nos 81/82.  London: Spastics International Medical Publications/William Heinemann Medical Books, 1982. (Book).
72. Enkin M, Chalmers I. The effects of symptomatic treatments in pregnancy: antiemetics, antacids, laxatives and calcium supplements. In:  Enkin M, Chalmers I, eds. Effectiveness and Satisfaction in Antenatal Care. Clinics in Development Medicine Nos 81/82.  London: Spastics International Medical Publications/William Heinemann Medical Books, 1982:122-131.
73. Grant A, Chalmers I, Enkin M. Physical interventions intended to prolong pregnancy and increase fetal growth. In: Enkin M, Chalmers I, eds.  Effectiveness and Satisfaction in Antenatal Care. Clinics in Development Medicine Nos 81/82. London: Spastics International Medical Publications/William Heinemann Medical Books, 1982:198-208.
74. Chalmers I, Enkin M. The effects of miscellaneous interventions during pregnancy:  Rhesus immunization, preparation for breast feeding, external cephalic version. In:  Enkin M, Chalmers I, eds.  Effectiveness and Satisfaction in Antenatal Care.  Clinics in Development Medicine Nos 81/82. London: Spastics International Medical Publications/William Heinemann Medical Books, 1982:209-221.
75. Enkin M, Chalmers I. Effectiveness and satisfaction in antenatal care. In:  Enkin M, Chalmers I, eds. Effectiveness and Satisfaction in Antenatal Care. Clinics in Development Medicine Nos 81/82. London:  Spastics International Medical Publication/William Heinemann Medical Books, 1982:266-290.
76. Chalmers I, Grant A. Cervical cerclage. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1982;89:497-498.
77. Dennis J, Chalmers I. Very early neonatal seizure rate: a possible epidemiological indicator of the quality of perinatal care. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1982;89:418-426.
78. Editorial. New dimensions in obstetric audit. Lancet 1982;2:857-858.
79. Grant A, Chalmers I. Randomised trial of fetal movement counting. Lancet 1982;2:501.
80. Macfarlane A, Oakley A, Chalmers I. Birth, death and the way we live. The Health Services 1982;14 May:1213.
81. Mugford M, Grant A, Chalmers I. Developing a register of randomized controlled trials in perinatal medicine. In: Lindberg DAB, Reichertz PL, eds. Lecture Notes in Medical Informatics. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1982:162-167.
82. Oakley A, Macfarlane A, Chalmers I. Social class, stress and reproduction. In: Rees AR, Purcell H, eds. Disease and the Environment. Chichester: John Wiley, 1982:11-50.
83. Chalmers I. Auditing perinatal practice. Annals of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada 1983;16:53-54.
84. Chalmers I. Collaboration in perinatal research.  In: Yearbook of the Oslo Gynaecological Society 1983:11-18.
85. Chalmers I. Randomized controlled trials in perinatal medicine. European Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 1983;15:300-303; discussion 314-317.
86. Chalmers I. Scientific inquiry and authoritarianism in perinatal care and education. Birth 1983;10:151-166. (Further discussion in Birth 1984;11:45-47).
87. Chalmers I, Grant A. Informed consent. BMJ 1983;286:1279.
88. Chalmers I, Grant A. Informed consent. BMJ 1983;287:616.
89. Grant A, Chalmers I. Informed consent. BMJ 1983;286:1973.
90. Vacca A, Grant A, Wyatt G, Chalmers I. Portsmouth operative delivery trial: a comparison of vacuum extraction and forceps delivery. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1983;90:1107-1112.

Volume 3 (1984 – 1987)

91. Chalmers I. Confronting Cochrane’s challenge to obstetrics. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1984;8:721-723.
92. Chalmers I. Enquiry into perinatal death: a report on national perinatal surveillance. Report submitted to DHSS. Oxford: National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Dec 1984.
93. Chalmers I. Hazards of ultrasound. BMJ 1984;289:184-185.
94. Chalmers I. Innovation in antenatal care: theory and practice. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 1984;77:340-342.
95. Chalmers I, Macfarlane A. Letter. Science for People 1984;56:2.
96. Chalmers I. Obstetrical epidemiology (eds Barron SL, Thomson AM). British Journal of Obstetrics Gynaecology 1984;91:1163-1164. (Book review).
97. Chalmers I, Elbourne D, Grant A. Phenobarbitone and periventricular haemorrhage. Lancet 1984;1:286.
98. Chalmers I, Mutch L. Investment in neonatal intensive care and the “handicapped survivor bogey”. Lancet 1984;2:469.
99. Enkin E, Mutch L, Chalmers I, Enkin M. An index for classifying perinatal literature. Oxford: National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, 1984.
100. Murphy JF, Dauncey M, Gray OP, Chalmers I. Planned and unplanned deliveries at home: implications of a changing ratio. BMJ 1984;288:1429-1432.
101. Niswander K, Henson G, Elbourne D, Chalmers I, Redman C, Macfarlane JA, Tizard P. Adverse outcome of pregnancy and the quality of obstetric care. Lancet 1984;2:827-831.
102. Niswander K, Henson G, Elbourne D, Chalmers I, Redman C, Macfarlane JA, Tizard P. Assessing quality of obstetric care. Lancet 1984;2:1097.
103. Rush RW, Isaacs S, McPherson K, Jones L, Chalmers I, Grant A. A randomised controlled trial of cervical cerclage in women at high risk of spontaneous preterm delivery. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1984;8:724-730.
104. Sleep J, Grant A, Garcia J, Elbourne D, Spencer J, Chalmers I. West Berkshire perineal management trial. BMJ 1984;289:587-590.
105. Boylan P, MacDonald D, Grant A, Pereira M, Chalmers I. The Dublin randomised controlled trial of intrapartum fetal heart rate monitoring.  In: Kunzel W, ed. Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1985:34-39.
106. Chalmers I. Biased touching of the editorial tiller. Archives of Disease in Childhood 1985;60:394.
107. Chalmers I. Enquiry into perinatal death. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1985;92:545-549.
108. Chalmers I. Evaluation of ‘unorthodox’ clinical practice. Lancet 1985;2:895.
109. Chalmers I. Proposal to outlaw the term ‘negative trial’. BMJ 1985;290:1002.
110. Chalmers I. Short, Black, Baird, Himsworth and social class differences in fetal and neonatal mortality rates. BMJ 1985;291:231-233.
111. Chalmers I. Trends and variations in the use of caesarean delivery. In: Clinch J, Matthews T, eds. Perinatal Medicine 1985;92:145-149.
112. Chalmers I, Sinclair JC. Promoting perinatal health: is it time for a change of emphasis in research?  Early Human Development 1985;10:171-191.
113. Collins R, Chalmers I, Peto R. Antihypertensive treatment in pregnancy. BMJ 1985;291:1129.
114. Dickersin K, Hewitt P, Mutch L, Chalmers I, Chalmers TC. Perusing the literature: comparison of MEDLINE searching with a perinatal trials database. Controlled Clinical Trials 1985;6:306-317.
115. Garcia J, Anderson J, Vacca A, Elbourne D, Grant A, Chalmers I. Views of women and their medical and midwifery attendants about instrumental delivery using vacuum extraction and forceps. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1985;4:19.
116. Grant A, Chalmers I. Some research strategies for investigating aetiology and assessing the effects of clinical practice.  In: Macdonald RR, ed.  Scientific basis of obstetrics and gynaecology, 3rd Edition. London: Churchill Livingstone, 1985:49-84.
117. King JF, Keirse MJNC, Grant A, Chalmers I. Tocolysis – the case for and against. In: Beard RW, Sharp F, eds. Preterm Labour and its Consequences. London: Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 1985:199-208.
118. MacDonald D, Grant A, Sheridan-Pereira M, Boylan P, Chalmers I. The Dublin randomized controlled trial of intrapartum fetal heart rate monitoring. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1985;152:524-539.
119. MacDonald D, Grant A, Sheridan Pereira M, Boylan P, Chalmers I. Is oxytocin the culprit? American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1985;153:929.
120. McPherson A, Chalmers I. Preconceptional care. Lancet 1985;2:1429.
121. National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit. A classified bibliography of controlled trials in perinatal medicine 1940-1984. Oxford: Oxford University Press (for the World Health Organization), 1985. (Book).
122. Saunders MC, Dick JS, Brown IMcL, McPherson K, Chalmers I. The effects of hospital admission for bed rest on the duration of twin pregnancy: a randomised trial. Lancet 1985;2:793-795.
122x. Chalmers I. Short, Black, Baird, Himsworth, and social class differences in fetal and neonatal mortality rates (letter). BMJ 1985;291:1045.
123. Andrews J, Davies KA, Chalmers I, Campbell H. The Cardiff Births Survey. In: Harper PS, Sunderland E, eds. Genetic studies of the people of Wales. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 1986:317-341.
123x. Chalmers I. Schizofrenia nella pratica ostetrica: non intervenire e negligenza, intervenire e aggressione. 1985
124. Carmody F, Grant A, Mutch L, Vacca A, Chalmers I. Follow up of babies delivered in a randomized controlled comparison of vacuum extraction and forceps delivery. Acta Obstetrica et Gynecologica Scandinavica 1986;65:763-766.
125. Chalmers I. British Medical Research Council randomized trials involving international collaboration. In: Bogaert MG, ed. Constraints in International Clinical Trials. Gent: Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, 1986:71-79.
126. Chalmers I. Discussion. In: Papiernik E, Bréart G, Spira N, eds. Prevention of Preterm Birth. New goals and new practices in prenatal care. Paris: INSERM, 1986:117-119;181-183.
127. Chalmers I. Editors, peers and the process of scientific review. In: Thomsen K, Ludwig H, eds. Gynaecology and Obstetrics. Proceedings of the XIth World Congress. Berlin: Springer, 1986:59-61.
128. Chalmers I. The need for collaborative clinical trials in obstetrics and gynaecology. In: Thomsen K, Ludwig H, eds. Gynaecology and Obstetrics. Proceedings of the XIth World Congress. Berlin: Springer, 1986:61-63.
129. Chalmers I. Electronic publications for updating controlled trial reviews. Lancet 1986;2:287.
130. Chalmers I. Letter. Radical Statistics Newsletter 1986;35:55.
131. Chalmers I. Medicine and the media. BMJ 1986;292:1072-1073.
132. Chalmers I. Minimizing harm and maximizing benefit during innovation in health care: controlled or uncontrolled experimentation? Birth 1986;13:155-164.
133. Chalmers I. Problemi legali nella practica ostetrica. Crescita 1986;Gennaio/Febbraio:21-26.
134. Chalmers I. A register of controlled trials in perinatal medicine. WHO Chronicle 1986;40:61-65.
135. Chalmers I, Hetherington J, Newdick M, Mutch L, Grant A, Enkin M, Enkin E, Dickersin K. The Oxford Database of Perinatal Trials: developing a register of published reports of controlled trials. Controlled Clinical Trials 1986;7:306-324.
136. Mutch L, Newdick M, Lodwick A, Chalmers I. Secular changes in rehospitalization of very low birth weight infants. Pediatrics 1986;78:164-171.
136x. McDonald D, Grant A, Chalmers I. Fetal monitoring in labour. (letter) Br Med J 1986;292:1205
137. Chalmers I. Attitude of ARM to innovations in care. Association of Radical Midwives Magazine 1986-1987;31:8.
138. Chalmers I. Clinical freedom. New Scientist 1987;26 Feb:74.
139. Chalmers I. Empirical evidence and authoritarian ethicists. BMJ 1987;294:247-248.
140. Chalmers I. Evaluating the quality of new procedures. Archives of Gynecology 1987;241:S101-S106.
141. Chalmers I. Evaluation of the long-term consequences of chorion villus sampling. In: Liu DTY, Symonds EM, Golbus MS, eds. Chorion villus sampling. London: Chapman and Hall, 1987:187-201.
142. Chalmers I. First trimester fetal diagnosis: prudential ethics. Canadian Medical Association Journal 1987;136:563-564.
143. Chalmers I. The scientific case for greater collaboration in the evaluation of perinatal practice. In: Tudehope D, Chenoweth J, eds. Perinatal Medicine. Brisbane: University of Queensland Press, 1987:3-13.
144. Chalmers I, Grant A, Elbourne D. Improving the quality of therapeutic trials in perinatal medicine: a professional duty to mothers and children. In: Klaus M, Fanaroff A, eds. Yearbook of Perinatal/Neonatal Medicine. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers, 1987:15-19.
145. Chalmers I, Hetherington J, Newdick M. The Oxford Database of Perinatal Trials. Journal of Perinatal Medicine 1987;15(Suppl 1):11.
146. Chalmers I, Silverman WA. Professional and public double standards on clinical experimentation. Controlled Clinical Trials 1987;8:388-391.
147. Chalmers I, Chalmers TC. Fetal tests, like drugs, need cautious screening. New York Times 1987;8 Oct.
148. Elbourne D, Richardson M, Chalmers I, Waterhouse I, Holt E. The Newbury Maternity Care Study: a randomized controlled trial to evaluate a policy of women holding their own obstetric records. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1987;94:612-.
149. Everett CB, Ashurst H, Chalmers I. Reported management of threatened miscarriage by general practitioners in Wessex. BMJ 1987;295:583-586.
150. Minchom P, Niswander K, Chalmers I, Dauncey M, Newcombe R, Elbourne D, Mutch L, Andrews J, Williams G. Antecedents and outcome of very early neonatal seizures in infants born at or after term. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1987;94:431-439.
151. Richards M, Chalmers I. Intervention and causal inference in obstetric practice:  how have things changed over the last ten years? New Generation 1987;6:6-8.

Volume 4 (1988 – 1989)

152. Chalmers I. Discussion of paper by Begg and Berlin. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A 1988;151:449.
153. Chalmers I. The promotion of poorly controlled experimentation on children by medical ethicists. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 1988;2:104-106.
154. Chalmers I. Salt, pregnancy, hypertension – and literature searches. Lancet 1988;2:1146.
155. Elbourne D, Prendiville W, Chalmers I. Choice of oxytocic preparation for routine use in the management of the third stage of labour: an overview of the evidence from controlled trials. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1988;95:17-30.
156. King JF, Grant A, Keirse MJNC, Chalmers I. Betamimetics in preterm labour: an overview of the randomized controlled trials. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1988;95:211-222.
157. Prendiville W, Elbourne E, Chalmers I. The effects of routine oxytocic administration in the management of the third stage of labour: an overview of the evidence from controlled trials. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1988;95:3-16.
158. Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJNC, eds. Effective care in pregnancy and childbirth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989. (Book).
159. Chalmers I. Evaluating the effects of care during pregnancy and childbirth. In: Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJNC, eds. Effective care in pregnancy and childbirth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989:3-38.
160. Chalmers I, Hetherington J, Elbourne D, Keirse MJNC, Enkin M. Materials and methods used in synthesizing evidence to evaluate the effects of care during pregnancy and childbirth.  In: Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJNC, eds. Effective care in pregnancy and childbirth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989:39-65.
161. Elbourne D, Oakley A, Chalmers I. Social and psychological support during pregnancy. In: Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJNC, eds. Effective care in pregnancy and childbirth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989:221-236.
162. Bracken M, Enkin M, Campbell H, Chalmers I. Symptoms in pregnancy: nausea and vomiting, heartburn, constipation, and leg cramps. In: Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJNC, eds. Effective care in pregnancy and childbirth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989:501-511.
163. Crowther C, Chalmers I. Bed rest and hospitalization during pregnancy.  In: Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJNC, eds.  Effective care in pregnancy and childbirth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989:624-632.
164. Chalmers I, Garcia J, Post S. Hospital policies for labour and delivery. In: Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJNC, eds. Effective care in pregnancy and childbirth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989:815-819.
165. Johnson C, Keirse MJNC, Enkin M, Chalmers I. Nutrition and hydration in labour. In: Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJNC, eds. Effective care in pregnancy and childbirth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989:827-832.
166. Chalmers I, Keirse MJNC. Evaluating elective delivery. In: Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJNC, eds. Effective care in pregnancy and childbirth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989:981-987.
167. Keirse MJNC, Chalmers I. Methods for inducing labour. In: Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJNC, eds. Effective care in pregnancy and childbirth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989:1057-1079.
168. Sleep J, Roberts J, Chalmers I. Care during the second stage of labour.  In: Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJNC, eds. Effective care in pregnancy and childbirth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989:1129-1144.
169. Enkin M, Enkin E, Chalmers I, Hemminki E. Prophylactic antibiotics in association with caesarean section. In: Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJNC, eds. Effective care in pregnancy and childbirth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989:1246-1269.
170. Rush J, Chalmers I, Enkin M. Care of the new mother and baby. In: Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJNC, eds.  Effective care in pregnancy and childbirth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989:1333-1346.
171. Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJNC. Effective care in pregnancy and childbirth: a synopsis for guiding practice and research. In: Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJNC, eds. Effective care in pregnancy and childbirth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989:1465-1477.
172. Chalmers I. Effective prevention of preterm birth: the French experience measured at Haguenau. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1989;96:1253. (Book review).
173. Chalmers I. Inquiry into stillbirths and infant deaths. BMJ 1989;299:339-340.
174. Chalmers I. Misconduct in medical research. BMJ 1989;298:256.
175. Chalmers JA, Chalmers I. The obstetric vacuum extractor is the instrument of choice for operative vaginal delivery. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1989;96:505-506;1457-1458.
176. Enkin M, Keirse MJNC, Chalmers I. A Guide to Effective Care in Pregnancy and Childbirth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989. (Book).
177. Hetherington J, Dickersin K, Chalmers I, Meinert CL. Retrospective and prospective identification of unpublished controlled trials: lessons from a survey of obstetricians and pediatricians. Pediatrics 1989;84:374-380.
178. Mugford M, Kingston J, Chalmers I. Reducing the incidence of infection after caesarean section: implications of prophylaxis with antibiotics for hospital resources. BMJ 1989;299:1003-1006.
179. Peto R, Chalmers I. Obituary: Archie Cochrane (1909-1988). Controlled Clinical Trials 1989;10:426-427.
180. Stanley F, Chalmers I. Cerebral palsy, intrapartum care and a shot in the foot. Lancet 1989;2:1251-1252.
180x. Bass C, Baum H, Baum M, Beard N, Brahams D, Chalmers I, Dixon B, Garrow J, Goodfellow A, Marks V, O’Donnell M,  Powell Tuck J, Souhami R, Wessely S.

Doctors, unethical treatment, and turning a blind eye. BMJ 1989;298:1520

181. Chalmers I. The Oxford Database of Perinatal Trials. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989-1992: (Contents subsequently transferred to and maintained in The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.  Cochrane Collaboration and Update Software. 1992, ongoing).

Volume 5 (1990 – 1994)

182. Chalmers I. Care during the third stage of labour: commentary on a Commentary. Association for Improvement of Maternity Services Quarterly Journal 1990;2:8-12.
183. Chalmers I. IQ, obstetric practice and unsubstantiated hypotheses. Psychologist 1990;86:14-15.
184. Chalmers I. NZ medicine after Cartwright. BMJ 1990;300:1199.
185. Chalmers I. Oxford Database of Perinatal Trials. Clinical Epidemiology Newsletter 1990;10:8-9.
186. Chalmers I (ed). Oxford Database of Perinatal Trials Newsletter 1990;August.
187. Chalmers I. Producing evidence for rational resource allocation and audit. In: DH Yearbook of Research and Development, 1989. London, HMSO, 1990:13-14.
188. Chalmers I. Under-reporting research is scientific misconduct. JAMA 1990;263:1405-1408.
189. Chalmers I, Adams M, Dickersin K, Hetherington J, Tarnow-Mordi W, Meinert C, Tonascia S, Chalmers TC. A cohort study of summary reports of controlled trials. JAMA 1990;263:1401-1404.
190. Chalmers I, Chalmers T. Research ethics committees. BMJ 1990;300:395.
191. Crowley P, Chalmers I, Keirse MJNC. The effects of corticosteroid administration before preterm delivery: an overview of the evidence from controlled trials. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1990;97:11-25.
191x. Chalmers I. Health investment for a caring society. The Independent6 8 Oct 1990 p20
192. Chalmers I. Can meta-analyses be trusted? Lancet 1991;338:1464-1465.
193. Chalmers I. Electronic publication of continuously updated overviews (meta-analyses) of controlled trials. International Society of Drug Bulletins Review 1991:15-18.
194. Chalmers I. Human guinea pigs. BMJ 1991;302:411.
195. Chalmers I. Improving the quality and dissemination of reviews of clinical research. In: Lock S, ed. The future of medical journals: in commemoration of 150 years of the British Medical Journal. London: British Medical Journal, 1991:127-146.
196. Chalmers I. Oxford Database of Perinatal Trials Newsletter 1991;February.
197. Chalmers I. Oxford Database of Perinatal Trials Newsletter 1991;September.
198. Chalmers I. The perinatal research agenda: whose priorities? Birth 1991;18:137-145.
199. Chalmers I. Randomized clinical trials. New England Journal of Medicine 1991;325:1514.
200. Chalmers I. Research needed into the process of ethical decision making. National Council on Bioethics in Human Research Communiqué 1991;2:5-6.
201. Chalmers I. The work of the National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit: one example of technology assessment in perinatal care. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 1991;7:430-459.
202. Chalmers I, Soll E. Progress and problems in establishing an international registry of perinatal trials. Controlled Clinical Trials 1991;12:630.
203. Grant A, Chalmers I. Vitamins to prevent neural tube defects. Lancet 1991;338:894.
204. Mugford M, Piercy J, Chalmers I. Cost implications of different approaches to the prevention of Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Archives of Disease in Childhood 1991;66:757-764.
205. Renfrew M, Chalmers I. How can prenatal care reduce maternal mortality? Women’s International Public Health Network News 1991;10:6-7.
206. Adams CE, Lefebvre C, Chalmers I. Difficulty with MEDLINE searches for randomised controlled trials. Lancet 1992;340:915-916.
207. howe
208. Chalmers I. Bridging the gulf. Complementary Medical Research 1992;6:109.
209. Chalmers I. The Cochrane Centre. Oxford: UK Cochrane Centre, 1992:1-28.
210. Chalmers I. Ethics, clinical research, and clinical practice in obstetric anaesthesia. Lancet 1992;339:498.
211. Chalmers I. Foreword.  In: Chard T, Richards MPM, eds. Obstetrics in the 1990s: Current Controversies. London: MacKeith Press, 1992:ix-x.
212. Chalmers I. Oxford Database of Perinatal Trials Newsletter 1992;February.
213. Chalmers I, Collins R, Dickersin K. Controlled trials and meta-analyses can help to resolve disagreements among orthopaedic surgeons. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery [Br] 1992;74-B:641-643.
214. Chalmers I, Dickersin K, Chalmers TC. Getting to grips with Archie Cochrane’s agenda: a register of all randomized controlled trials. BMJ 1992;305:786-788.
215. Duley L, Grant A, Chalmers I. Promoting safe motherhood. Lancet 1992;339:812.
216. Garner P, Kramer MS, Chalmers I. Might efforts to increase birthweight in undernourished women do more harm than good? Lancet 1992;340:1021-1023.
217. Howell C, Chalmers I. A review of prospectively controlled comparisons of epidural with non-epidural forms of pain relief during labour. International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia 1992;1:93-110.
218. Mugford M, Chalmers I. A step towards using the results of RCTs in resource allocation decisions.  In: La régulation des systèmes de santé: Actes du Colloque Européen “De l’analyse économique aux politiques de santé”. Paris: Credes-Ces, 1992:171-175.
219. Silverman WA, Chalmers I. Sir Austin Bradford Hill: an appreciation. Controlled Clinical Trials 1992;13:100-105.
220. Szeverenyi M, Chalmers I, Grant AM, Nagy T, Nagy J, Balogh I, Lampe L. Operative treatment of cervical incompetence during pregnancy. Orvosi Hetilap 1992;133:1823-1826.
221. Vikhlyaeva E, Chalmers I. Russian collaboration in the Collaborative Low-dose Aspirin in Pregnancy Study (CLASP). Maternal and Child Health (Russian Edition) 1992;1:57-62.
222. Altman DG, Chalmers I. Authors have rights too. BMJ 1993;306:717.
223. Chalmers I. The Cochrane Collaboration: preparing, maintaining and disseminating systematic reviews of the effects of health care.  In: Warren KS, Mosteller F, eds. Doing more good than harm: the evaluation of health care interventions. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1993;703:156-163.
224. Chalmers I. Death in childbirth: an international study of maternal care and maternal mortality 1800-1950 by Irvine Loudon. Lancet 1993;341:479. (Book review).
225. Chalmers I. Effective care in midwifery: research, the professions and the public. Midwives’ Chronicle and Nursing Notes 1993;106:3-13.
226. Chalmers I. Making the most of the evidence. In: Managing the knowledge base of healthcare (British Library R&D Report 6133). Boston Spa: British Library, 1993:3-12.
227. Chalmers I. Publication bias. Lancet 1993;342:1116.
228. Chalmers I. Underuse of antenatal corticosteroids and future litigation. Lancet 1993;341:699.
229. Chalmers I, Elliott K. Dame Cicely Delphine Williams 1893-1992, memorial address. Medical Woman 1993;12:26-28.
230. Chalmers I, Elliott K. A memorial address for Cicely Delphine Williams. International Child Health 1993;4:33-35.
231. Chalmers I, Enkin M, Keirse MJNC. Preparing and updating systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials of health care. Milbank Quarterly 1993;71:411-437.
232. Chalmers I, Herxheimer A. Drug costs and the scientific basis of therapy. In: Collier J, Bonn D, eds.  Drug costs and treatment choices. London: Consumers’ Association, 1993:14-18.
233. Altman DG, Chalmers I, Herxheimer A. Is there a case for an international medical scientific press council? JAMA 1994;272:166-167.
234. Chalmers I. Assembling the evidence – The Cochrane Collaboration. In: Dunning M, Needham G, editors. ‘But will it work, doctor?’ Report of a conference about involving users of health services in outcomes research. Consumer Health Information Consortium, 1994:18-22.
235. Chalmers I. Why are opinions about the effects of health care so often wrong? Medico-Legal Journal 1994;62:116-130.
236. Chalmers I, Chalmers TC. Randomisation and patient choice. Lancet 1994;344:892-893.
237. Chalmers I, Haynes RB. Reporting, updating and correcting systematic reviews of the effects of health care. BMJ 1994;309:862-865.
238. Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Grimes DA, Altman DG. Assessing the quality of randomization from reports of controlled trials published in obstetrics and gynecology journals. JAMA 1994;272:125-128.
239. Sheldon T, Chalmers I. The UK Cochrane Centre and the NHS Centre for Reviews and Dissemination: respective roles within the Information Systems Strategy of the NHS R&D Programme, coordination and principles underlying collaboration. Health Economics 1994;3:201-203.

Volume 6 (1995 – 1999)

240. Chalmers I. Applying overviews and meta-analyses at the bedside: discussion. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 1995;48:67-70
241. Chalmers I. Cochrane reviews now an indicator of research quality in UK universities. Cochrane News 1995;5:5.
242. Chalmers I. Coping with great expectations. Cochrane News 1995;4:12-13.
243. Chalmers I. Dangers of overviews of health care. Lancet 1995;346:1038-1039.
244. Chalmers I. Reviewing the reviews. R&D News 1995;1:8.
245. Chalmers I. What do I want from health research and researchers when I am a patient? BMJ 1995;310:1315-1318.
246. Chalmers I. What would Archie Cochrane have said?  Lancet 1995;346:1300.
247. Chalmers I, Altman DG. Systematic Reviews. London: BMJ Publications, 1995. (Book).
248. Chalmers I, Gray M, Sheldon T. Handling scientific fraud: prospective registration of health care research would help. BMJ 1995;311:262.
249. Chalmers I, Haynes RB. Reporting, updating and correcting systematic reviews of the effects of health care.  In: Chalmers I, Altman DG, eds.  Systematic Reviews. London:  BMJ Publications, 1995:86-95.
250. Schulz K, Chalmers I, Altman DG, Grimes DAS, Doré CJ. The methodologic quality of randomization as assessed from reports of trials in specialist and general medical journals. Online Journal of Current Clinical Trials v. 4, n. 1 1995; August 26(4): Doc No 197 The

Portico Content Set: ISSN_10592725, (Taylor & Francis Group) ISSN: 10592725 Portico Item ID: ark:/27927/phz43299v8. Stable URL

http://access.portico.org/stable?au=phz43299v8

251. Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Hayes RJ, Altman DG. Empirical evidence of bias: dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials. JAMA 1995;273:408-412.
252. Sheldon T, Chalmers I. The NHS Centre for Reviews and Dissemination and the UK Cochrane Centre.  In: Select Committee on Science and Technology, Sub-Committee I.  Medical Research and the NHS Reforms. London: HM Stationery Office, 1995:151-167.
253. Zwarenstein M, Volmink J, Irwig L, Chalmers I. Systematic review: ‘state of the science’ health care decision-making. South African Medical Journal 1995;85:1266-1267.
253x. Chalmers I. Supporting the art of “intelligent medicine”. In: Höjer B, Sachs L, Tomson G, IHCAR, eds. Memories for the future. Stockholm: IHCAR, 1995, pp 85-86.
254. Chalmers I. Assembling the evidence – The Cochrane Collaboration. In: What Works? Effective social interventions in child welfare. Report of a conference organised by Barnardo’s and the Social Science Research Unit on 11 March 1994. Ilford: Barnardo’s, 1996:48-54.
255. Chalmers I. Contributions to round table discussion on conducting clinical trials during pregnancy. In: Fracchia GN, Haavisto KH, eds. Perspectives in Clinical Trials. Cambridge: European Conference Publications, 1996:192-193.
256. Chalmers I. Introduction to Seventh Blackie Memorial Lecture. British Homoeopathy Research Group Communication 1996;24:51-53.
257. Chalmers I. The Lancet’s ombudsman. Lancet 1996;348:410-411.
258. Chalmers I. NNT or LBHH? Bandolier 1996;3:8.
259. Chalmers I. Structured abstracts in The Lancet. Lancet 1996;347:340.
260. Chalmers I. Systematic reviews of research evidence and the RCN Research Society. The Research Society Newsletter 1996;Jan:42-43.
261. Chalmers I. Thomas Chalmers. BMJ 1996;312:118. (obituary)
262. Chalmers I, Grant A. Salutary lessons from the Collaborative Eclampsia Trial. Evidence Based Medicine 1996;January/February:39-40.
263. Haugh M, Boissel J-P, Pignon J-P, Chalmers I. La Collaboration Cochrane: la nécessité des connexions internationales. Thérapie 1996;51:253-256.
264. Hunt S, Chalmers I. The UK Cochrane Centre. Cochrane News 1996;7:13.
265. Pearn J, Chalmers I. Is selective reporting of well-designed clinical research unethical as well as unscientific?  Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde 1996;140:220-221.
266. Pearn J, Chalmers I. Publish and be applauded. New Scientist 1996;6 Jan:40.
267. Savulescu J, Chalmers I, Blunt J. Are research ethics committees behaving unethically?  Some suggestions for improving performance and accountability. BMJ 1996;313:1390-1393. (http://tinyurl.com/ccx7s)
268. Chalmers I. Assembling comparison groups to assess the effects of health care. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 1997;90:379-386.
269. Chalmers I. Fraud and misconduct in medical research. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London 1997;31:216-217. (Book review).
270. Chalmers I. View from the Centres. Cochrane Collaboration Methods Groups Newsletter 1997;1:26.
271. Chalmers I. What is the prior probability of a proposed new treatment being superior to established treatments. BMJ 1997;314:74-75.
272. Kleijnen J, Chalmers I. How to practise and teach evidence-based medicine: role of the Cochrane Collaboration. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica Supplement 1997;41:231-233.
273. Maynard A, Chalmers I. Non-random reflections on health services research: on the 25th anniversary of Archie Cochrane’s ‘Effectiveness and Efficiency’. London: BMJ Books, 1997. (Book).
274. Kleijnen J, Gotzsche P, Kunz RH, Oxman AD, Chalmers I. So what’s so special about randomisation?  In: Maynard A, Chalmers I, eds. Non-random reflections on health services research: on the 25th anniversary of Archie Cochrane’s ‘Effectiveness and Efficiency’. London: BMJ Books, 1997:93-106.
275. Chalmers I, Sackett D, Silagy C. The Cochrane Collaboration. In: Maynard A, Chalmers I, eds. Non-random reflections on health services research: on the 25th anniversary of Archie Cochrane’s ‘Effectiveness and Efficiency’. London: BMJ Books, 1997:231-249.
276. Powles J, Day N, McPherson K, McKee M, McMichael T, Chalmers I, Davey Smith G, Gabbay J, Marks D, Sharp I, Wilkinson R, Marmot M. National centre for public health is needed. BMJ 1997;315:54.
277. Savulescu J, Chalmers I, Blunt J. Does setting good practice standards for research ethics committees increase their legal liability? BMJ 1997;314:1833.
277x. Powles J, Day N, McPherson K, McKee M, McMichael T, Chalmers I, Davey Smith G, Gabbay J, Marks D, Sharp I, Wilkinson R, Marmot M. Britain’s first minister of public health. BMJ 1997;315:54.
278. Chalmers I. Clinical trials. Pharmaceutical Times 1998;May:6.
279. Chalmers I. The Cochrane Collaboration should provide information not give advice. Cochrane News 1998;12:7.
280. Chalmers I. Cranberry juice and the Cochrane Library. MRC News 1998;79:17-19.
281. Chalmers I. Evidence of the effects of health care: a plea for a single standard across ‘orthodox’ and ‘complementary’ medicine. Complementary Therapies in Medicine 1998;6:211-213.
282. Chalmers I. Foreword.  In: Langhorne P, Dennis M. Stroke units: an evidence based approach. London:  BMJ Books, 1998:xiii-xiv.
283. Chalmers I. I would not want an albumin transfusion. BMJ 1998;317:885.
284. Chalmers I. Patients should sue when available research isn’t put into practice. Health Service Journal 1998;9 April:18.
285. Chalmers I. Publication and promotion: the public interest. Lancet 1998;352:893-894.
286. Chalmers I. Unbiased, relevant, and reliable assessments in health care. BMJ 1998;317:1167-1168.
287. Chalmers I, Sackett D, Silagy C. Cochrane Collaboration. In: Armitage P, Colton T, eds. Encyclopedia of Biostatistics. Chichester: John Wiley, 1998:764-767.
288. Clarke M, Chalmers I. Discussion sections in reports of controlled trials published in general medical journals: islands in search of continents? JAMA 1998;280:280-282.
289. Clarke M, Chalmers I. Meta-analyses, multivariate analyses, and coping with the play of chance. Lancet 1998;351:1062.
290. Irwig L, Zwarenstein M, Zwi A, Chalmers I. A flow diagram to facilitate selection of interventions and research for health care. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 1998;76:17-24.
291. McPherson K, Chalmers I. Incorporating patient preferences into clinical trials. BMJ 1998;317:78.
292. Roberts I, Li Wan Po A, Chalmers I. Intellectual property, drug licensing, freedom of information, and public health. Lancet 1998;352:726-729.
292x. Chalmers I. Systematic reviews: insufficient evidence on which to base medicine. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1998;105:1235-1240. (letter)
292e1. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/27/what-going-behind-scenes-debate-about-albumin
292e2. Chalmers I. Participants, not subjects. BMJ Rapid response 30 Nov 1998.  http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/27/participants-not-subjects
293. Chalmers I. Controlled trials from history. Archives of Disease in Childhood 1999;81:281.
294. Chalmers I. Evidence of the effects of healthcare: a plea for a single standard across ‘orthodox’ and ‘complementary’ medicine. In: Integrated healthcare: a way forward for the next 5 years?   International Congress and Symposium Series 233. London: Royal Society of Medicine Press, 1999:7-11.
295. Chalmers I. Foreword to the new edition. In:  Cochrane AL. Effectiveness and Efficiency: Random Reflections on Health Services. London: Royal Society of Medicine Press and Nuffield Trust, 1999:xiii-xvi.
296. Chalmers I. Jennifer Sleep: a born researcher, a great facilitator. British Journal of Midwifery 1999;7:754-755.
297. Chalmers I. People are “participants” in research. BMJ 1999;318:1141.
298. Chalmers I. Prospective registration of controlled trials. Cochrane Collaboration Methods Groups Newsletter 1999;3:22.
299. Chalmers I. A symbiosis of paper and electronic publishing, serving the interests of the Journal’s readers. British Journal of Psychiatry 1999;175:1-2.
300. Chalmers I. Timely publication of critical letters. Lancet 1999;353:1191.
301. Chalmers I. When silence is lethal. Chemistry & Industry 1999;24:961.
302. Chalmers I. Where’s the evidence?  Debates in modern medicine by William A. Silverman. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London 1999;33:90. (Book review).
303. Chalmers I. Why transition from alternation to randomisation in clinical trials was made. BMJ 1999;319:1372.
304. Chalmers I, Altman DG. How can medical journals help prevent poor medical research? Some opportunities presented by electronic publishing. Lancet 1999;353:490-493.
305. Chalmers I, Adams C. Treatment on trial. The Therapist 1999;6:24-32.
306. Clarkson J, Worthington H, Chalmers I. Reducing harm and maximizing benefit. Evidence-Based Dentistry 1999;June:4-5.
307. Davies P, Petrosino A, Chalmers I. The effects of social and educational interventions: developing an infrastructure for international collaboration to prepare, maintain and promote the accessibility of systematic reviews of relevant research. London: School of Public Policy, University College London, 1999. Available:
308. Boruch R, Petrosino A, Chalmers I. The Campbell Collaboration: a proposal for systematic, multinational, and continuous reviews of evidence. In: Davies P, Petrosino A, Chalmers I, eds.  The effects of social and educational interventions: developing an infrastructure for international collaboration to prepare, maintain and promote the accessibility of systematic reviews of relevant research. London: School of Public Policy, University College London, 1999. Available: http://www.ucl.ac.uk/spp/download/publications/Annexe7.pdf (accessed 17 June 2003)
309. Chalmers I, Macdonald G, Grimshaw J, Clarke M, Oxman A. How might the Cochrane Collaboration facilitate international collaboration to prepare and maintain systematic reviews of the effects of social and educational interventions?  In: Davies P, Petrosino A, Chalmers I, eds. The effects of social and educational interventions: developing an infrastructure for international collaboration to prepare, maintain and promote the accessibility of systematic reviews of relevant research. London: School of Public Policy, University College London, 1999. Available: http://www.ucl.ac.uk/spp/download/publications/Annexe3.pdf (accessed 17 June 2003)
310. Petrosino A, Boruch R, Rounding C, McDonald S, Chalmers I. A Social, Psychological, Educational and Criminological Trials Register (SPECTR) to facilitate the preparation and maintenance of systematic reviews of social and educational interventions. In: Davies P,  Petrosino A, Chalmers I, eds. The effects of social and educational interventions: developing an infrastructure for international collaboration to prepare, maintain and promote the accessibility of systematic reviews of relevant research. London: School of Public Policy, University College London, 1999. Available: http://www.ucl.ac.uk/spp/download/publications/Annexe5.pdf (accessed 17 June 2003)
310e1. Chalmers I. JAMA now under dark cloud of heavy handed censorship. BMJ Rapid response 19 Jan 1999. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/27/jama-now-under-dark-cloud-heavy-handed-censorship
310e2. Chalmers I. Subjecting people to research. BMJ Rapid response 21 Mar 1999.

http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/27/re-subjecting-people-research

310e3. Chalmers I. BMA Award to Dr Mandell. BMJ Rapid response 26 Apr 1999.

http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/27/re-bma-award-dr-mandell

310e4. Chalmers I. Intensive care hasn’t come of age. BMJ Rapid response 26 Aug 1999. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/28/intensive-care-hasnt-come-age
310e5. Chalmers I. Putting the record straight on the transition from alternation to randomization in clinical trials. BMJ Rapid response 26 Sep 1999.

http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/28/putting-record-straight-transition-alternation-randomization-clinical-tria

310e6. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/28/what-are-advantages-women-third-generation-oral-contraceptives
310e7. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/28/re-failure-submit-main-reason-publication-bias

Volume 7 (2000 – 2003)

311. Chalmers I. Current Controlled Trials: an opportunity to help improve the quality of clinical research. Current Controlled Trials in Cardiovascular Medicine 2000;1:3-8. Available: http://cvm.controlled-trials.com/content/1/1/3 (accessed 21 May 2003).
312. Chalmers I. Evaluating “payback” on biomedical research: biomedical funding decisions should be audited. BMJ 2000;321:566.
313. Chalmers I. Impact of Cochrane. Cochrane News 2000;18:15.
314. Chalmers I. It’s official: evaluative research must become part of routine care in the NHS. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2000;93:555-556.
315. Chalmers I. A patient-led good controlled trials guide. Lancet 2000;356:774.
316. Chalmers I. A patient’s attitude to the use of research evidence to guide individual choices and decisions in health care. Clinical Risk 2000;6:227-230.
317. Chalmers I. Up-to-date systematic reviews and registers of controlled trials: prerequisites for scientific and ethical trial design, monitoring and reporting. In: Kristensen FB, Sigmund H, eds. MTV, sundhedstjenesteforskning og klinisk praksis. Kobenhavn: Statens Institut for Medicinsk Teknologivurdering, 2000:17-24.
318. Chalmers I, Alderson P, Clarke M. Current and planned future work of the UK Cochrane Centre. Research Matters, Newsletter of the Chief Scientist Office 2000;12:6-7.
319. Chalmers I, Lindley R. Double standards on informed consent to treatment. In: Doyal L, Tobias JS, eds. Informed Consent in Medical Research. London: BMJ Books, 2001:266-275.
320. Chalmers I, Sheldon T, Rounding C. Evidence from systematic reviews relevant to implementing the ‘wider public health’ agenda. Cochrane News 2000;19:1,3.
321. Chalmers I, Tröhler U. Helping physicians to keep abreast of the medical literature:  ‘Medical and Philosophical Commentaries’, 1773-1795. Annals of Internal Medicine 2000;133:238-243.
322. Contributors to the Cochrane Collaboration and the Campbell Collaboration. Evidence from systematic reviews of research relevant to implementing the ‘wider public health’ agenda. York: NHS Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, August 2000. Available: http://www.york.ac.uk/inst/crd/wph.htm (accessed 21 May 2003). (Book).
323. Hey E, Chalmers I. Investigating allegations of research misconduct: the vital need for due process. BMJ 2000;321:752-755; 1348-1349.
324. Petrosino A, Boruch RF, Rounding C, McDonald S, Chalmers I. The Campbell Collaboration Social, Psychological, Educational & Criminological Trials Register (C2-SPECTR). Evaluation and Research in Education 2000;14:206-219.
325. Silagy C, Henry D, Chalmers I. Why evidence-based policy and practice in health care? Federation of Health Funds Newsletter 2000;2:3,5.
325x. Chalmers I. Music to be born to, music to die to. BMJ 2000;321:1577.

www.bmj.com/content/321/7276/1577

325e1. Chalmers I, Kitzinger S. Criticisms of Drife’s analysis merit publication in the paper BMJ. BMJ Rapid response 2 Mar 2000.
http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/28/criticisms-drifes-analysis-merit-publication-paper-bmj
325e2. Chalmers I. Audit of biomedical research funding decisions.  BMJ Rapid response 26 Apr 2000. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/28/audit-biomedical-research-funding-decisions
325e3. Chalmers I. Chalmers and Altman didn’t; but Eysenck did!  BMJ Rapid response 5 Aug 2000.
http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/28/chalmers-and-altman-didnt-eysenck-did
325e4. Chalmers I. The lethal potential of invalid health information – on paper and on the internet.  BMJ Rapid response 10 Nov 2000.

http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/28/lethal-potential-invalid-health-information-%E2%80%93-paper-and-internet

326. Boissel J-P, Chalmers I, Flather MD, Franzosi M-G, Victor N. Controlled Clinical Trials. European Science Foundation Policy Briefing N°13, May 2001. Available: http://www.esf.org/ftp/pdf/2001/Espb/ESPB13.pdf (accessed 21 May 2003).
327. Marley C, Godlee F, Chalmers I. An international metaRegister and unique identification system for randomized trials.  Controlled Clinical Trials 2001;22:33S-34S.
328. Chalmers I. Comparing like with like: some historical milestones in the evolution of methods to create unbiased comparison groups in therapeutic experiments. International Journal of Epidemiology 2001;30:1156-1164.
329. Chalmers I. Continuous fetal heart rate monitoring. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2001;94:258.
330. Chalmers I. Foreword. In: Egger M, Davey Smith G, Altman D, eds. Systematic Reviews in Health Care: Meta-Analysis in Context. 2nd Edition of Systematic Reviews. London: BMJ Books, 2001:xiii-xviii.
331. Chalmers I. Using systematic reviews and registers of ongoing trials for scientific and ethical trial design, monitoring, and reporting. In: Egger M, Davey Smith G, Altman D, eds. Systematic Reviews in Health Care: Meta-Analysis in Context. 2nd Edition of Systematic Reviews London: BMJ Books, 2001:429-443.
332. Chalmers I. In memory of Chris Silagy 1960-2001. Cochrane News 2001;23:1,4.
333. Chalmers I. Invalid health information is potentially lethal. BMJ 2001;322:998.
334. Chalmers I, Clarke M. Outcomes that matter to patients in tombstone trials. Lancet 2001;358:1649.
335. Chalmers I, Hey E. Learning from Bristol: the need for a lead from the chief medical officer. BMJ 2001;323:280.
336. Hanley B, Truesdale A, King A, Elbourne D, Chalmers I. Involving consumers in designing, conducting, and interpreting of randomised controlled trials: questionnaire survey. BMJ 2001;322:519-523.
337. Hey E, Chalmers I. Abuse of people trying to protect children from abuse. Lancet 2001;358:1820.
338. Holmes L, Lusher, Chalmers I. Citation of Cochrane Reviews in national and international guidelines and policies, reports of the NHS Health Technology Assessment Programme, Effective Health Care, Finnish Evidence-based Medicine Guidelines, and Clinical Evidence. Oxford: UK Cochrane Centre, 2001;1-9.
339. Macintyre S, Chalmers I, Horton R, Smith R. Using evidence to inform health policy: case study. BMJ 2001;322:222-225.
340. Milne I, Chalmers I. Tackling bias in assessing the effects of health care interventions: early contributions from James Lind, Alexander Lesassier Hamilton and T. Graham Balfour. Proceedings of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh 2001;31(Suppl 9):46-48.
341. Oxman AD, Chalmers I, Sackett DL. A practical guide to informed consent to treatment. BMJ 2001;323:1464-1466.
342. Pollock A, Chalmers I, Fisher P, Keen H, Singer R, Watt G. Privatisation of NHS by stealth. The Times 2001; 24 May:19.
343. Silverman WA, Chalmers I . Casting and drawing lots: a time honoured way of dealing with uncertainty and for ensuring fairness. BMJ 2001;323:1467-1468.
344. Smith R, Chalmers I. Britain’s gift: a “Medline” of synthesized evidence. BMJ 2001;323:1437-1438.
344e1. Chalmers I. Information can be daunting for carers as well as for patients.  BMJ Rapid response 8 Apr 2001. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/28/information-can-be-daunting-carers-well-patients
344e2. Chalmers I. Estimating the effects of health care interventions.  BMJ Rapid response 16 Jun 2001. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/28/estimating-effects-health-care-interventions
344e3. Chalmers I. The Cochrane Collaboration’s debt to Chris Silagy. BMJ Rapid response 14 Dec 2001. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/28/cochrane-collaborations-debt-chris-silagy
345. Chalmers I. All unbiased comparative studies should be published. BMJ 2002;324:483.
346. Chalmers I. David Bainton. BMJ 2002;324:980. (Obituary).
347. Chalmers I. HealthWatch is not evenhanded. HealthWatch Newsletter 2002;45:7. Available: http://www.healthwatch-uk.org/nlett45.html (accessed 21 May 2003).
348. Chalmers I. Lessons for research ethics committees. Lancet 2002;359:174.
349. Chalmers I. Letter from Iain Chalmers. Cochrane News 2002;25:3.
350. Chalmers I. The Progress of Experiment: Science and Therapeutic Reform in the United States, 1900-1990, by Harry M. Marks. Endeavour 2002;26:119-120. (Book review).
351. Chalmers I. Villar et al. Stat Med 2001;20:3635-3647. Cochrane Collaboration Methods Group Newsletter 2002;6:13. (Commentary).
352. Chalmers I. Why we need to know whether prophylactic antibiotics can reduce measles-related morbidity. Pediatrics 2002;109:312-315.
353. Chalmers I, Hedges LV, Cooper H. A brief history of research synthesis. Evaluation and the Health Professions 2002;25:12-37.
354. Chalmers I, Lumbiganon P. The Cochrane Collaboration: providing research syntheses to inform health care and research. ScienceAsia 2002;28(Supplement 1):9-14.
355. Clarke M, Alderson P, Chalmers I. Discussion sections in reports of controlled trials published in general medical journals. JAMA 2002;287:2799-2801.
356. Clinicians for the Restoration of Autonomous Practice (CRAP) Writing Group. EBM: unmasking the ugly truth. BMJ 2002;325:1496-1498.
357. Jull A, Chalmers I, Rodgers A. Clinical trials in NZ: does anybody know what’s going on? New Zealand Medical Journal 2002;115(1167):6 pars. Online. Available: http://www.nzma.org.nz/journal/115-1167/269/.
358. Milne I, Chalmers I. A controlled clinical trial in 1809? Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 2002;56:1.
359. Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Altman D. The landscape and lexicon of blinding. Annals of Internal Medicine 2002;136:254-259.
360. Sheth S, Chalmers I. Magnesium for preventing and treating eclampsia: time for international action. Lancet 2002;359:1872-1873.
360x. Chalmers I, Postoperative starvation after gastrointestinal surgery- All unbiased comparative studies should be published. BMJ 2002;324:483. (letter)
360e1. Chalmers I. Attacks on health personnel by the Israeli Defence Forces. BMJ Rapid response 11 Mar 2002. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/28/attacks-health-personnel-israeli-defence-forces
360e2. Chalmers I. Support needed for humanitarian organisations in Israel/Palestine.  BMJ Rapid response 17 May 2002. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/29/support-need-humanitarian-organisations-israelpalestine
361. Alderson P, Chalmers I. Survey of claims of ‘no effect’ in abstracts of Cochrane reviews. BMJ 2003;326:475-6.
362. Alderson P, Gliddon L, Chalmers I. Academic recognition of critical appraisal and systematic reviews in British postgraduate medical education. Medical Education 2003;37:386.
363. Antes G, Chalmers I. Under-reporting of clinical trials is unethical. Lancet 2003;361:978-979.
364. Chalmers I. Academic boycott of Israel: threshold for academic boycotts of apartheid South Africa and apartheid Israel needs clarification. BMJ 2003;326:714.
365. Chalmers I. Foreword. In: Madhok R. From hips to handles: the quest for better orthopaedic care.  Middlesbrough: University of Teeside, 2003:vi-viii.
366. Chalmers I. Foreword. In: Stephenson J, Bonnell C, Imrie J, eds. Effective Sexual Health Interventions: Issues in Experimental Evaluation. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003:v-vi.
367. Chalmers I. Foreword. In: Williams H, ed. Evidence-based Dermatology. London: BMJ Books, 2003:xvii-xviii.
368. Chalmers I. The role of Israel and the World Medical Association. Lancet 2003;361:1826-1827.
369. Chalmers I. Provision of consent. Lancet 2003;362:663-664.
370. Chalmers I. Trying to do more good than harm in policy and practice: the role of rigorous, transparent, up-to-date evaluations. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 2003;589:22-40.
371. Chalmers I, Rounding C, Lock K. Descriptive survey of non-commercial randomised trials in the United Kingdom, 1980-2002. BMJ 2003;327:1017-1019.
372. Starr M, Chalmers I. The evolution of The Cochrane Library 1988-2003. [Online]. 5 June 2003. Available: www.update-software.com/history/clibhist.htm (accessed 14 August 2003)
373. Chalmers I. The pre-history of the first Cochrane Centre. In: Bosch X, ed. Archie Cochrane: Back to the front. Barcelona, 2003:242-253.
374. Chalmers I. Fisher and Bradford Hill: theory and pragmatism? International Journal of Epidemiology 2003;32:922-924.
375. Chalmers I.  The James Lind Initiative.  Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2003;96:575-576.
375e1. Chalmers I. Academic boycotts of apartheid South Africa and apartheid Israel.  BMJ Rapid response 17 Jan 2003. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/29/academic-boycotts-apartheid-south-africa-and-apartheid-israel
375e2. Chalmers I. Academic boycott of apartheid Israel. BMJ Rapid response 21 Apr 2003.

http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/29/academic-boycott-apartheid-israel

375e3. Chalmers I. Re: Re: Academic boycott of apartheid Israel. BMJ Rapid response 23 Apr 2003.

http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/29/re-re-academic-boycott-apartheid-israel

375e4. Chalmers I. Geoffrey Venning’s classic BMJ paper.  BMJ Rapid response 29 Jun 2003.

http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/29/geoffrey-vennings-classic-bmj-paper

375e5. Chalmers I. Munchausen’s Statistical Grid. BMJ Rapid response 19 Dec 2003.

http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/30/munchausens-statistical-grid

Volume 8 (2004 -2006)

376. Blakemore C, Chalmers I. Academic medicine: time for reinvention: MRC aims to give NHS evidence from randomised clinical trials. BMJ 2004;328:49.
377. Glasziou P, Vandenbroucke JP, Chalmers I. Assessing the quality of research. BMJ 2004;328:39-41.
378. Glasziou P, Chalmers I.  Ethics review roulette: what can we learn?  BMJ 2004;328:121-122.
379. Chalmers I.  Well informed uncertainties about the effects of treatments: how should clinicians and patients respond? BMJ 2004;328:475-476.
380. Chalmers I. In the dark. Drug companies should be forced to publish all the results of clinical trials. How else can we know the truth about their products. New Scientist 2004, 6 March:19.
381. Chalmers I, Clarke M. The 1944 Patulin Trial: the first properly controlled multicentre trial conducted under the aegis of the British Medical Research Council. International Journal of Epidemiology 2004;32:253-260.
382. Chalmers I.  The James Lind legacy: the present – the relevance of his work today. In: Rawlins M, Littlejohns P, eds. Delivering Quality in the NHS 2004. Oxford: Radcliffe Medical Press, 2004:5-8.
383. Chalmers I. Public confusion about treatment effects. Lancet 2004;363:1078-1079.
384. Herxheimer A, Chalmers I, Altman D. Have we made progress in exposing and dealing with editorial misconduct?  Committee On Publication Ethics (COPE) Report 2003:20-23.
385. Chalmers I, Lemon R, Dunnett S. Research synthesis. In: Restoring neurological function: putting the neurosciences to work in neurorehabilitation. London: Academy of Medical Sciences 2004:34-35.
386. Chalmers I.  Human guinea pigs, and how the media view fair tests of medical treatments. HealthWatch Newsletter 2004;53:3, 7.
387. Chalmers I. The James Lind Initiative. Cochrane Collaboration Methods Groups   Newsletter 2004;8:6-7.
388. Starr M, Chalmers I. The Cochrane Library, 1988-2003. European Science Editing 2004;30:51-52.
389. Chalmers I.  Managers should help to address important uncertainties about the effects of treatments. BAMM (British Association of Medical Managers) News, June 2004:3-4.
390. Milne I, Chalmers I.  Documenting the evidence: the case of scurvy.  Bulletin of the World Health Organisation 2004;82:791-792.
391. Chalmers I.  Government regulation is needed to prevent biased under-reporting of clinical trials. BMJ 2004;329:462.
392. Oxman AD, Chalmers I, Liberati A. A field guide to experts. BMJ 2004;329:1460-1463.
392e1. Chalmers I. Improving peer review by pre-submission manuscript review. BMJ Rapid response 21 Mar 2004. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/30/improving-peer-review-pre-submission-manuscript-review
392e2. Chalmers I. Regulation is needed to prevent biased under-reporting of clinical trials. BMJ Rapid response 26 Jun 2004. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/30/regulation-needed-prevent-biased-under-reporting-clinical-trials
392e3. Chalmers I. Must the financial bottom line dominate decisions about the future of the BMJ? BMJ Rapid response 06 Sep 2004. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/30/must-financial-bottom-line-dominate-decisions-about-future-bmj
393. Chalmers I. Academia’s failure to support systematic reviews. Lancet 2005;365:469.
394. Chalmers I.  Bill Silverman: a personal appreciation.  Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 2005;19:82-85.
395. Chalmers I.  The James Lind Alliance. ph.com (newsletter of the Faculty of Public Health) 2005, March:20.
396. Chalmers I. Cochrane Lectures. In: Armitage P, Colton T, eds.  Encyclopaedia of Biostatistics, 2nd edn. Chichester: John Wiley 2005:963-964.
397. Chalmers I.  Foreword. In: Herbert R, Jamtvedt G, Mead J, Hagen KB, eds.

Practical evidence-based physiotherapy. Edinburgh: Elsevier, 2005:vii-viii.

398. Chalmers I.  Written and oral evidence. In: House of Commons Health Committee. The Influence of the Pharmaceutical Industry. Fourth Report of the Session 2004-2005, Vol. II. London: Stationery Office, 2005, Ev 194-208.
399. Chalmers I.  Access controls on bmj.com: restore true open access to bmj.com. BMJ 2005;330:904.
400. Chalmers I.  The scandalous failure of science to cumulate evidence scientifically. Clinical Trials 2005;2:229-231.
401. Chalmers I. If evidence-informed policy works in practice, does it matter if it doesn’t work in theory?  Evidence & Policy 2005;1:227-242.
402. Chalmers I. Statistical theory was not the reason that randomisation was used in the British Medical Research Council’s clinical trial of streptomycin for pulmonary tuberculosis. In: Jorland G, Opinel A, Weisz G, eds. Body counts: medical quantification in historical and sociological perspectives. Montreal: McGill-Queens University Press, 2005:309-334.
403. Chalmers R, Jobling R, Chalmers I. Is the NHS willing to help clinicians and patients

reduce uncertainties about the effects of treatments? Clinical Medicine 2005;5:230-234

404. Chalmers I.  Letter to the Editor. (newsletter of the NHS Consultants Association) 2005, June:4.
405. C
406. Chalmers I. Evidence and water fluoridation: from certainty to uncertainty. Community Dental Health 2005;22:295.
407. Oxman AD, Sackett DL, Chalmers I, Prescott TE. A surrealistic mega-analysis of redisorganization theories. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2005;98:563-568.
408. Chalmers I. The origins of the Cochrane logo. In: Reynolds L A, Tansey E M. (eds) (2005) Prenatal Corticosteroids for Reducing Morbidity and Mortality after Preterm Birth. Wellcome Witnesses to Twentieth Century Medicine, vol. 25. London: Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at UCL, pp 52-57.
408e1. Chalmers I. Oxygen in neonates not a good analogy. BMJ Rapid response 5 Apr 2005.

http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/30/oxygen-neonates-not-good-analogy

408e2. Chalmers I. Primary and secondary prevention of terrorism. BMJ Rapid response 19 Jul 2005. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/31/primary-and-secondary-prevention-terrorism
408e3. Chalmers I. The use of systematic reviews for editorial peer reviewing: a population approach. BMJ Rapid response 3 Aug 2005. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/31/use-systematic-reviews-editorial-peer-reviewing-population-approach
408e4. Chalmers I. Evidence and the aetiology of suicide attacks. BMJ Rapid response 7 Aug 2005.

http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/31/evidence-and-aetiology-suicide-attacks

408e5. Chalmers I. Restore true open access to bmj.com. BMJ Rapid response 04 April 2005.

http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/10/30/restore-true-open-access-bmjcom

409. Chalmers I, Matthews R.  What are the implications of optimism bias in clinical research? Lancet 2006;367:449-450.
410. Hey E, Chalmers I. Are any of the criticisms of the CNEP trial true? Lancet 2006;367:1032-1033.
411. Chalmers I, Hey E. An appreciation of Professor Griffiths’ identification of a poisoned chalice. BMJ Rapid response 31 October 2008.

https://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/11/02/appreciation-professor-griffiths-identification-poisoned-chalice

412. Evans I, Thornton H, Chalmers I. Testing treatments: better research for better healthcare. London: British Library, 2006.
413. Chalmers I. Alan Pollock [obituary]. BMJ 2006;332:918.
414. Chalmers I. The first use of a novel drug in humans will always involve a leap in the dark. BBC Focus 2006;June:20.
415. Chalmers I. Why fair tests are needed: a brief history. Evidence-Based Medicine 2006;11:67-8. [republished in Evidence-Based Nursing 2007;10:4-5]
416. Chalmers I. From optimism to disillusion about commitment to transparency in the medico-industrial complex. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2006;99:337-341. [416a  Chinese Journal of Evidence Based Medicine 2006;6:1-5.] [416b Chalmers I.  Biased under-reporting of research is unethical and should be outlawed. Z Ärztliches Für Qualität 2006;100:531-535.]
417. Chalmers I. Preventing scientific misconduct. Lancet 2006;368:450.
418. Chalmers I. Role of systematic reviews in detecting plagiarism: case of Asim Kurjak. BMJ 2006;333:594-596.
419. Chalmers I. Biased under-reporting of research. RSS News 2006;34:1-3.
420. Brown P, Brunnhuber K, Chalmers I, Fenton M, Hicks NJ, Young P, Moody J, Clarke M, Chalkidou K, Twaddle S, Forbes C, Glanville J, Timimi H. How to formulate research recommendations. BMJ 2006;333:804-806.
421. Chalmers I. Biomedical research: are we getting value for money? Significance 2006;3:172-75.
422. Chalmers I. TGN1412 and The Lancet’s solicitation of reports of phase 1 trials.  Lancet 2006;368:2206-2207.

Volume 9 (2007 – 2011)

423. Glasziou P, Chalmers I, Rawlins M, McCulloch P. When are randomised trials unnecessary? Picking signal from noise. BMJ 2007;334: 349-351.
424. Chalmers I. Archibald Leman Cochrane. In: Bynum WF, Bynum H. Dictionary of          Medical Biography.  Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2007: 353-355.
425. Clarke M, Hopewell S, Chalmers I. Reports of clinical trials should begin and end with up-to-date systematic reviews of other relevant evidence: a status report. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2007;100: 187-190.
426. Chalmers I. When does clinical science cease to exist? Science in Parliament 2007;64: 19-20.
427. Chalmers I. Joseph Asbury Bell and the birth of randomized trials. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2007;100: 287-293.
428. Smith R, Chalmers I.  Ethics and medical publishing. In: Ashcroft R, Dawson A, Draper H, McMillan J, eds. Principles of Health Care Ethics. Chichester: John Wiley, 2007: 751-758.
429. Forsetlund L, Chalmers I, Bjørndal A.  When was random allocation first used to generate comparison groups in experiments to assess the effects of social interventions? Economics of Innovation and New Technology 2007;16: 371-384.
430. Chalmers I. The lethal consequences of failing to make use of all relevant evidence about the effects of medical treatments: the need for systematic reviews. In: Rothwell P, ed. Treating individuals: from randomised trials to personalised medicine. London: Lancet, 2007: 37-58.
431. Chalmers I. The Alzheimer’s Society, drug firms, and public trust. BMJ 2007;335: 400.
432. Evans I, Thornton H, Chalmers I. Written evidence. House of Commons – Health Committee. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Ev 248 (NICE 21) – HC 503-11, session 206-07. Published 17 May 2007.
433. Chalmers I. The Database of Uncertainties about the Effects of Treatments (www.duets.nhs.uk). NHS Consultants Association Newsletter 2007, Sept: 9.
434. Chalmers I. Better information systems are needed to help patients and clinicians integrate clinical research within everyday clinical practice. Otolaryngology –Head and Neck Surgery 2007;137: S69-S71.
435. Cheng KK, Chalmers I, Sheldon T. Adding fluoride to water supplies. BMJ 2007;335: 699-702.
436. Chalmers I. Addressing uncertainties about the effects of treatments offered to NHS patients: whose responsibility? Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2007;100: 440-441.
437. Roberts H, Gough D, Barker R, Chalmers I, Sheldon T. Wealth does not always mean health. The Independent 2007, 24 October: 36.
438. Chalmers I. Regulation of therapeutic research is compromising the interests of patients. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Medicine 2007;21: 395-404.
439. Chalmers I. Five dimensions of clinical care that should be understood by patients.  Response to: Henderson GE, Churchill LR, Davis AM, Easter MM, Grady C, et al. Clinical Trials and Medical Care: Defining the Therapeutic Misconception.  PLoS Medicine 2007; 4 (11): e324 doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0040324. Available from: https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article/comment?id=10.1371/annotation/25f2d1c7-9669-42af-8623-3ba919939e2e
440. Arnold F, Chalmers I, Herxheimer A, and 271 other signatories. Medical justice for undocumented migrants. Lancet 2008;371: 201.
441. Chalmers I. Archie Cochrane (1909-1988). Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2008;101:41- 44.
441e1. Chalmers I. Evaluating the effects of prophylactic antibiotics in measles: a 70-year saga. BMJ Rapid response 7 Jan 2007. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/11/01/evaluating-effects-prophylatic-antibiotics-measles-70-year-saga
441e2. Chalmers I. Complacency in the School of Psychology in Birmingham. BMJ Rapid response 12 Jan 2007. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/11/01/complacency-school-psychology-birmingham
441e3. Chalmers I. The Alzheimer’s Society and public trust. BMJ Rapid response 26 August 2007. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/11/01/alzheimers-society-and-public-trust
441e4. Chalmers I. The Alzheimer’s Society and public trust. BMJ Rapid response 20 September 2007. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/11/01/alzheimers-society-and-public-trust-0
442. Chalmers I. Human rights and professional responsibilities in health care and education.  European Journal of Dental Education 2008;12 (Suppl 1): 11-16.
443. Chalmers I. Letter from the editor: How often do researchers address questions of interest to clinicians and patients? BMJ Clinical Evidence 28 January, 2008.
444. Chalmers I. Foreword. In: Ernst E, Pittler MH, Wider B, Boddy K. Oxford

Handbook of Complementary Medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008: v-vi.

445. Chalmers I. Cases Journal should follow Venning’s quarter-century old example. Response to Smith, R. Why do we need Cases Journal? Cases Journal 2008; 1:1. doi:10.1186/1757-1626-1-1. Available from: http://www.casesjournal.com/content/1/1/1/comments.
446. Chalmers I. Confronting therapeutic ignorance. BMJ 2008;337: 246-247. Available from: http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/337/jul16_3/a841.
447. Neuhauser D, Diaz M, Chalmers I. A puzzling omission in a great medical textbook edited by a pioneer of controlled trials. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2008;101:381-383.
448. The James Lind Library Editorial Team: Chalmers I, Milne I, Tröhler U, Vandenbroucke J, Morabia A, Tait G, Dukan E. The James Lind Library: explaining and illustrating the evolution of fair tests of medical treatments Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh 2008;38:259-64.
449. Chalmers I. Historians and the history of medicine. Lancet 2008;372:1632.
449e1. Chalmers I. Facsimile of Petrarch’s letter now on James Lind Library. BMJ Rapid response 29 Sep 2008. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/11/02/facsmile-petrarchs-letter-now-james-lind-library
449e2. Chalmers I, Hey E. An appreciation of Professor Griffiths’ identification of a poisoned chalice. BMJ Rapid response 31 Oct 2008. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/11/02/appreciation-professor-griffiths-identification-poisoned-chalice
450. Chalmers I. Gaza – a symptom of an insufficiently acknowledged cause. Lancet 2009;373:197-8.
451. Chalmers I, Leaning J, Shannon HS, Zurayk H. Lancet Steering Group on the occupied Palestinian territory. Lancet 2009;373:788-790.
452. Garattini S, Chalmers I. Patients and the public deserve big changes in evaluation of drugs. BMJ 2009;338:804-806.
453. Scadding J, Chalmers I. The James Lind Alliance: tackling treatment uncertainties together. RSM News, Issue 51, Spring 2009, p 11.
454. Chalmers I. Foreword. In: Williams HC, Bigby M, Diepgen T, Herxheimer A, Naldi L, Rzany B (eds). Evidence-Based Dermatology. 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell, 2008 pp xiii-xiv.
455. Rennie D, Chalmers I. Assessing authority. JAMA 2009;301:1819-1821 .
456. Oxman AD, Chalmers I. Fair tests of healthcare policies and treatments: A request for help from readers. Bull World Health Organ 2009;87:407-408. doi:10.2471/BLT.09.066787
457. Chalmers I, Glasziou P.  Avoidable waste in the production and reporting of research  evidence. Lancet 2009;374:86-89. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60329-9.
458. Chalmers I. Cancer scandal. The Listener (NZ), 12 September 2009, p 6.
459. Starr M, Chalmers I, Clarke M, Oxman AD. The origins, evolution and future of The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 2009;25: Supplement 1:182-195.
460. Mansfield P, Leggett AJ, Chalmers I, Clark DM, Altman D, Bland M, Collins R, Hughes G, Noble P, Jones P, McGuffin P, Wykes T, McCullough A. Mental health funds. The Times 2009, 14 October, p 29.
461. Chalmers I. Intentional self-plagiarism. Lancet 2009;374:1422.
462. Chalmers I. Explaining the unbiased creation of treatment comparison groups. Lancet 2009;374:1670-71.
463. Fenton M, Brice A, Chalmers I. Harvesting and publishing patients’ unanswered questions about the effects of treatments. In: Littlejohns P, Rawlins M, eds. Patients, the public and priorities in healthcare. Abingdon, Oxon: Radcliffe, 2009, pp 165-180.
464. Chalmers I, Toth B. 19th century controlled trials to test whether belladonna prevents scarlet fever. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2009;102:548-550.
464x. Lane S, Deeks J, Chalmers I, Higgins J, Ross N, Thornton H. Systematic Reviews. Sense about Science Nov 2009.
464e1. Chalmers I. Five dimensions of clinical care that should be understood by patients. Plos Reader comment (response) 31 MAR 2009.  http://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article/comment?id=10.1371/annotation/25f2d1c7-9669-42af-8623-3ba919939e2e
464e2. Glasziou P, Chalmers I. Streamlining ethics review will save lives. BMJ Rapid response 3 Jun 2009. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/11/02/streamlining-ethics-review-will-save-lives
464e3. Chalmers I. Int J Epidemiol, not Epidemiol. BMJ Rapid response 20 Jul 2009.

http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/11/02/int-j-epidemiol-not-epidemiol

464e4. Chalmers I. When whistleblowing results in the guilty being exonerated and the innocent losing their jobs. BMJ Rapid response 3 Aug 2009. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/11/02/when-whistleblowing-results-guilty-being-exonerated-and-innocent-losing-th
464e5. Chalmers I, Hey E. Muzzling doctors in the name of confidentiality. BMJ Rapid response 19 Oct 2009. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/11/02/muzzling-doctors-name-confidentiality-0
464e6. Chalmers I, Glasziou P. The environmental, scientific and ethical scandal of biased under-reporting of research. BMJ Rapid response 9 Nov 2009.

http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/11/02/environmental-scientific-and-ethical-scandal-biased-under-reporting-resear

465. Chalmers I. The development of fair tests of treatments in health care. HealthWatch Newsletter 2010;76:4-5.
466. Chalmers I. Review of Woloshin, Schwartz and Welch. JAMA 2010;303:368-369.
467. Meldrum H, Brostoff J, Chalmers I, et al. Politicians need to rethink the role of the private sector in the NHS. The Guardian 2010, 2 February.
468. Godlee F, Chalmers I. Information about ongoing clinical trials for patients. BMJ 2010;340:456-57.
469. Chalmers I, Tröhler U, Chalmers J. Andrew Duncan’s publications and his relations with his publishers.  In: Chalmers J (ed.). Andrew Duncan Senior, Physician of the Enlightenment. Edinburgh: National Museums of Scotland Publishing, 2010, pp 36-55.
470. Hey E, Chalmers I. Mis-investigating alleged research misconduct can cause widespread, unpredictable damage. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2010;103:132-137.
471. Chalmers I. Systematic reviews and uncertainties about the effects of treatments [editorial]. The Cochrane Library 2010 (12 May). http://www.thecochranelibrary.com/details/editorial/691951/Systematic-reviews-and-uncertainties-about-the-effects-of-treatments-by-Sir-Iain.html
472. Clarke M, Hopewell S, Chalmers I. Clinical trials should begin and end with systematic reviews of relevant evidence: 12 years and waiting. Lancet 2010;376:20-21.
473. Chalmers I. Why won’t defenders of the Cartwright Inquiry provide evidence to justify their use of the term ‘conventional treatment’ for carcinoma in situ. New Zealand Medical Journal 2010;123:109-112
474. Glasziou P, Chalmers I, Altman DG, Bastian H, Boutron I, Brice A, Jamtvedt G, Farmer A, Ghersi D, Groves T, Heneghan C, Hill S, Lewin S, Michie S, Perera R, Pomeroy V, Tilson J, Shepperd S, Williams JW. Taking healthcare interventions from trial to practice. BMJ 2010;341:384-387.
475. Bastian H, Glasziou P, Chalmers I. Seventy-five trials and eleven systematic reviews a day: How will we ever keep up? PLoS Medicine 2010;7:e1000326.
476. Chalmers I. Defendants of the Cartwright Inquiry are unable to provide a description of ‘adequate care’ for cervical carcinoma in situ. New Zealand Medical Journal 2010;123: No 1322. [http://www.nzma.org.nz/journal/123-1322/4351/]
477. Edmund Hey – a personal appreciation. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2010;103:381-382.
478. Moberg J, Johansen M, Lewin S, Chalmers I, Oxman A. Creating an inventory of health policy trials. Kunnskapssenteret, 2010.
479. Chalmers I (2010). Research red tape contributes to the suffering and death of millions. The Guardian Notes and Theories, 16 November. http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/blog/2010/nov/16/research-red-rape-suffering-death/print
480. Roberts I, Prieto-Marino D, Shakur H, Chalmers I, Nicholl J. Effect of consent rituals on mortality in emergency care research. Lancet 2011;377:1071-1072.
481. Howick J, Chalmers I, Glasziou P, Greenhalgh T, Heneghan C, Liberati A, Moschetti I, Thornton H. Explanation of the 2011 Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM) Levels of Evidence”. Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, Department of Primary Care, Oxford, www.cebm.net: 2011.  http://www.cebm.net/index.aspx?o=5653
482. Goodman SN, Rosner D, Reverby SM, Chalmers I, Rosenberg CE. Harry Marks: an appreciation. Clinical Trials 2011;8:123-127.
483. Chalmers I, Haines A. Skilled forensic capacity needed to investigate allegations of research misconduct. BMJ 2011; 342:d3977.
484. Roberts I, Chalmers I, Shakur H, Prieto-Marino D, Nicholl J. Consent in emergency care research – Authors’ reply. Lancet 2011;378:27.
485. Chalmers I. Written evidence. House of Commons – Science and Technology Committee. Peer review in scientific publications (PR47) – Eighth Report of Session 2010-12, Volume II, EV W107. Published 28 July 2011.
486. Chalmers I. Remembering Ann McPherson, co-founder of www.healthtalkonline.org. JLA Newsletter. July 2011
487. Chalmers I. Commentary on Robinson KA, Goodman SN. A systematic examination of the citation of prior research in reports of randomized, controlled trials. Annals of Internal Medicine 2011;154:50-5. Cochrane Methods. Cochrane DB Sys Rev 2011 Suppl 1:13-14.
488. Chalmers I (2010). Why the 1948 MRC trial of streptomycin for pulmonary tuberculosis used treatment allocation based on random numbers. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2011;104:383-386.
489. Petticrew M, Chalmers I. Use of research evidence in practice. Lancet 2011;378:1696.
490. Evans I, Thornton H, Chalmers I, Glasziou P. Testing Treatments: Better Research for Better Healthcare. London: Pinter & Martin Ltd. 2011
491. Chalmers I. Science as a public enterprise. European Science Editing. 2011;37:114
492. Chalmers I. Commentary: Registering, prioritizing and addressing treatment uncertainties. Eyes on Evidence. 2011, Issue 31. November. https://www.evidence.nhs.uk/about-us/eyes-on-evidence/eyes-on-evidence-2011
492e1. Chalmers I. CIHR decides it must compromise my interest as a patient. BMJ Rapid response 13 May 2011. http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/11/03/cihr-decides-it-must-compromise-my-interests-patient
492x. Dickersin K, Chalmers I. Recognizing, investigating and dealing with incomplete and biased reporting of clinical research: from Francis Bacon to the WHO. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2011;104:532-538.
493. Chalmers I. Alessandro Liberati: a personal appreciation. Epidemiologia & Prevenzione 2012;36 (1 EPdiMezzo), Periodo: gennaio, pagine: 3-3. nhttp://www.epiprev.it/attualità/alessandro-liberati-un-ricordo-personale
494. Chalmers I. For ethical, economic and scientific reasons, health-relevant degree theses must be made publicly accessible. Evidence-Based Medicine 2012;17:69-70.
495. Chalmers I, Dukan E, Podolsky SH, Davey Smith G. The advent of fair treatment allocation schedules in clinical trials during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2012;105:221-227.
496. Lloyd K, White J, Chalmers I. Schizophrenia: Patients’ research priorities get funded. Nature 2012;487:432 doi:10.1038/487432b Published online 25 July 2012.
497. Chalmers I, Essali A, Rezk E, Crowe S. Is academia meeting the needs of non-academic users of the results of research?  Lancet. http://www.thelancet.com/health-in-the-occupied-palestinian-territory-2012.
498. Djulbegovic B, Kumar A, Glasziou PP, Perera R, Reljic T, Dent L, Raftery J, Johansen M, Di Tanna GL, Miladinovic B, Soares HP, Vist GE, Chalmers I. New treatments compared with established treatments in randomized trials. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 10. Art. No. : MR000024. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.MR000024.pub3.
499. Goldacre B, Godlee F, Barbour V, Gerada C, Chalmers I et al (2012). Drug companies must come clean. The Times 2012; 29 Oct.
500. Chalmers I, Dickersin K (2012). Biased under-reporting of research reflects biased under-submission more than biased editorial rejection. F1000 Research 1:69 (https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.2-1.v1).
501. European Science Foundation. Implementation of Medical Research in Clinical Practice. Science Policy Briefing 45. September 2012.
502. Chalmers I. Publish or perish. Project Syndicate. 2012.

http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/publish-or-perish.

502x. Chalmers I, Hedges LV, Cooper H (2012). Une brève histoire des synthèses de la recherche. In: Fagot-Largeault A, Dupont J-C, Giullin V, eds. L’émergence de la médecine scientifique. Éditions Matériologiques, pp 153-180. https://www.dropbox.com/s/opgqlc7blkrurm9/A9RF511.tmp.pdf?dl=0
502e1. Guest blog by Sir Iain Chalmers: A reality check for systematic reviewers. Cochrane Editorial Unit 7 Mar 2012.

http://www.editorial-unit.cochrane.org/blog/guest-blog-sir-iain-chalmers-reality-check-systematic-reviewers – URL does not work  – unable to locate new URL

502e2. Chalmers I. Yes, let’s take down the BMJ pay wall. BMJ Rapid response 3 Sep 2012. http://www.bmj.com/content/345/bmj.e5600/rr/600943
502e3. Chalmers I. Re: Open letter to Roche about oseltamivir trial data. BMJ Rapid response 9 Nov 2012. http://www.bmj.com/content/345/bmj.e7305?tab=responses
503. Chalmers I, Glasziou P, Godlee F. All trials must be registered and the results published. BMJ 2013;346:8.
504. Beller EM, Glasziou PP, Altman DG, Hopewell S, Bastian H, Chalmers I, Gøtzsche PC, Lasserson T, Tovey D, for the PRISMA for Abstracts Group. PRISMA for Abstracts: reporting systematic reviews in journal and conference abstracts. PLoS Medicine 2013;10:e1001419.
505. Chalmers I, Altman DG, McHaffie H, Owens N, Cooke R. Data sharing among data monitoring committees and responsibilities to patients and science. Trials 2013;14:102. doi:10.1186/1468-6708-14-102.
506. Chalmers I. Make all research results public. MRC Network 2013, Spring, 22-23
507. Chalmers I. Acknowledging and researching treatment uncertainties in paediatric practice: an ethical imperative. Archives of Diseases in Childhood. 2013;98:132-133. doi:10.113/archdischild-2013-303936. Ref updated – PA (24/5/16)
508. Badenoch D, Burls A, Chalmers I, Glasziou P (2013). Testing Treatments interactive. Int Soc EBHC Newsletter 2013, April, 20-21.
509. Arnold F, Iacopino V, Allen S, Reyes H, Chalmers I, and 148 other signatures. Open letter to President Obama on hunger strikers in Guantanamo. Lancet 2013;381:2166.
510. Roberts I, Chaudhry B, Chalmers I. New GMC guidance takes a major, ethically flawed, backward step. BMJ 2013;346:28. doi: 10.1136bmj.f3879.
511. Chalmers I. Testing transparency (interview with Fiona Fleck). Bulletin of the World Health Organisation 2013;91:473-474.
512. Chalmers I, Atkinson P, Fenton M, Firkins L, Crowe S, Cowan K (2013). Tackling treatment uncertainties together: the evolution of the James Lind Initiative, 2003-2013. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2013;106:482-491. doi:10.1177/0141076813493063.
513. Chalmers I. The evolution of controlled trials before the middle of the 20th century. Medical Historian: Bulletin of the Liverpool Medical History Society 2011-2012;23:23-24.
514. Opinel A, Tröhler U, Gluud C, Gachelin G, Davey-Smith, Podolsky S, Chalmers I. The evolution of methods to assess the effects of treatments, illustrated by the development of treatments for diphtheria, 1825-1918. International Journal of Epidemiology 2013;42:662-676. first published online December 5, 2011 doi:10.1093/ije/dyr162
515. Djulbegovic B, Kumar A, Glasziou P, Miladinovic B, Chalmers I. Trial unpredictability yields predictable therapy gains. Nature 2013:500;395-396
516. Chalmers I. Written evidence. House of Commons – Science and Technology Committee. Clinical Trials. Third Report of Session 2013-14, Volume 11, Ev w30-33.
517. Chalmers I. Health Research Authority’s great leap forward on UK trial registration. BMJ 2013;347:9:f5776.
518. Vallance P, Chalmers I. Secure use of individual patient data from clinical trials. Lancet 2013;382:1073-74.
519. Brundtland GH, Glinka E, zur Hausen H et al. Open letter: let us treat patients in Syria. Lancet 2013;382:1019-1020.
520. Chalmers I. Certezza e incertezza nella practica clinica e nella ricerca. In: D’Amico R, Davoli M, De Fiore L, Grilli R, Mosconi P, eds. La sanità tra ragione e passione. Da Alessandro Liberati, sei lezioni per I prossimi anni. Roma: Il Pensiero Sceintifico Editore, 2013, pp 47-53.
521. Chalmers I. Clinical trials. The House Magazine 2013; 18 October, pp12-13.
522. Brice A, Chalmers I. Medical journal editors and publication bias. BMJ 2013;347:f6170. doi: 10.1136/bmj.f6170
523. Chalmers I. Iain Chalmers: guilty, obsessional, and frustrated. BMJ 2013;347:f6152 doi: 10.1136/bmj.f6152
524. Chalmers I. The MRC and multicentre clinical trials: from a damning report to international recognition. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2013;106:498-509
525. Chalmers I. The professions and evidence. Alliance for Useful Evidence. October 2013.

http://www.alliance4usefulevidence.org/the-professions-and-evidence/

525e1. Del-Mar C, Chalmers I. Measles in the UK: the need for a trial of prophylactic antibiotics. BMJ Rapid response 24 May 2013. http://www.bmj.com/content/346/bmj.f2793/rr/646995
525e2. Brice A, Chalmers I. Re: Hardly worth the effort”? Medical journals’ policies and their editors’ and publishers’ views on trial registration and publication bias: quantitative and qualitative study. BMJ Rapid response 8 September 2013.

http://www.bmj.com/content/347/bmj.f5248?tab=responses

526. Chalmers I. If only I had had S4BE when I was student. Students 4 Best Evidence. Posted 6 Dec 2013. http://www.students4bestevidence.net/if-only-i-had-had-s4be-when-i-was-a-student/
527. Macleod MR, Michie S, Roberts I, Dirnagl U, Chalmers I, Ioannidis JPA, Salman RA-S, Chan A-W, Glasziou P. Biomedical research: increasing value, reducing waste. Lancet 2014;383:4-6.
528. Chalmers I, Bracken MB, Djulbegovic B, Garattini S, Grant J, Gulmezoglu AM, Ioannidis JPA, Oliver S. How to increase value and reduce waste when research priorities are set. Lancet 2014;383:7-16.
529. Salman RA-S, Beller E, Kagan J, Hemminki E, Phillips RS, Savulescu J, Macleod M, Wisely J, Chalmers I. Increasing value and reducing waste in biomedical research regulation and management. Lancet 2014;383:27-36.
530. Chalmers I. The road to randomisation: patulin and the common cold. MRC Insight 2014.

http://www.insight.mrc.ac.uk/2014/01/20/the-road-to-randomisation-patulin-and-the-common-cold/

531. Van Leeuwen M, Kleijnen, Chalmers I. In Memoriam: Els Borst-Eilers. The Cochrance Collaboration News. 6 March 2014. http://www.cochrane.org/news/news-events/current-news/memoriam-els-borst-eilers
532. Glasziou P, Macleod M, Chalmers I, Ioannidis JPA, Al-Shahi Salman, Chan A-W. Research: increasing value, reducing waste. Lancet 2014;383:1126-7.
533. Chalmers I. Firkins L. The “Saatchi bill”: No medical innovation without accessible documentation. BMJ 2014;348:g3151
533a. Chalmers I. Firkins L. Re: The “Saatchi bill” will allow responsible innovation in treatment. BMJ 2014;348:g2771?lab=responses.
534. Chalmers I. ‘Testing Treatments interactive’: promoting critical appraisal of treatment claims. In: Lister J, ed. First do no harm: reporting on health and healthcare. Faringdon, Oxon: Libri, 2014 pp 87-89.
535. Chalmers I. The development of fair tests of treatment. Lancet 2014;383:1713-4.
536. McCartney M, Goldacre B, Chalmers I, Reynolds C,  Mendel J, Smith S, Bewley S, Gordon P, Carroll D, Dean BJF, Greenhalgh T, Heath I, McKee M, Pollock A, Gordon S, Brunet M. Why the GMC should set up a central registry of doctors’ competing interests. BMJ 2014;348:g236 doi: 10.1136/bmj.g236
537. Goldacre B, Chalmers I, Groves T, Godlee F, Barbour V. Submission to Health Committee accountability hearing with the General Medical Council, CMC 10th report 2013-14.
538. Macleod M, Chalmers I, Ioannidis JPA, Salman R, Chan A-W, Glasziou P.  Design animal studies better. Nature 2014;510:35.
539. Clarke M, Brice A, Chalmers I. Accumulating research: a systematic account of how cumulative meta-analyses would have provided knowledge, improved health, reduced harm and saved resources. PLoS ONE 2014 9(7): e102670. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102670.
540. Manduca P, Chalmers I, Summerfield D, Gilbert M, Ang S, Hay A, Rose S, Rose H, Stefanini A, Balduzzi A, Cigliano B, Pecoraro C, Di Maria E, Camandona F, Veronese G, Ramenghi L, Rui M, DelCarlo P, D’agostino S, Russo S, Luisi V, Papa S, Agnoletto V, Angnoletto M. An open letter for the people in Gaza. Lancet 2014;384:397-8.
541. Manduca P, Chalmers I, Summerfield D, Gilbert M, Ang S, Hay A, Rose S, Rose H, Stefanini A, Balduzzi A, Cigliano B, Pecoraro C, Di Maria E, Camandona F, Veronese G, Ramenghi L, Rui M, DelCarlo P, D’agostino S, Russo S, Luisi V, Papa S, Agnoletto V, Angnoletto M. Israel Gaza conflict. Lancet 2014;384:746. (response to open letter – 540).
542. Chalmers J, Chalmers I. A tapestry of Palestinian life: remembering Samar Alhallaq. Lancet 2014;384:656-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1040-6736(14)61223-X.
543. Glasziou P, Chalmers I, Green S, Michie S. Intervention synthesis: a missing link between a systematic review and practical treatment(s). PLOS Medicine 2014;11:e1001690.

http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001690

544. Chalmers I, Nylenna M. A new network to promote evidence-based research. Lancet 2014;384:1903-04.
545. Goldacre B, Godlee F, Heneghan C, Tovey D, Lehman R, Chalmers I, Barbour V, Brown T. EMA should remove barriers to access clinical trial data. BMJ 2014;348:25.
546. Porter M, McCoy D, Katona C, Chalmers I, Arnold F. Support the opposition to force feeding of hunger strikers in Israel. BMJ 2014;349:g4449.

(‘No to the force feeding of hunger strikers in Israel’ -title in BMJ Journal unable to locate electronic copy).

547. Chalmers I. Adverse effects of statins: Randomized, placebo controlled withdrawal/discontinuation trials to assess possible adverse effects of statins. BMJ Rapid response 18 June 2014. http://www.bmj.com/content/348/bmj.g3306/rr/702586
548. Chalmers I. Farlig uvitenhet I Nokut  [Dangerous Ignorance in Nokut] Dagens Næringsliv, 9 December 2014, p 37.
549. Chalmers I. “We need the public to become better BS detectors”. An interview with Julian Champkin. Significance July 2014, p2-30.
550. Chalmers I. ‘Is animal research sufficiently evidence based to be a cornerstone of biomedical research?: Researchers who question the scientific quality of animal research must be anti-vivisectionists, mustn’t they? BMJ Rapid response 07 June 2014. http://www.bmj.com/content/348/bmj.g3387/rr/701227
551. Roberts I, Chaudhry B, Chalmers I. Importance of “acknowledging and reducing treatment

uncertainty” in appraisal and revalidation. BMJ 2014;348: g2851

552. Redman C, Chalmers I, Mcpherson K, Yudkin JS, Ormerod O, Frith P, McCoy D (on behalf of the National Health Action Party). The main parties can no longer be trusted with our NHS. The guardian 9 Jan 2015.
553. Wilkinson D, Chalmers I, Cruz M, Tarnow-Mordi W. Reducing the proportion of unvalidated treatment offered to children. Archives of Disease in Childhood, Fetal and Neonatal 2015;100:F190-2.
554. Chalmers I. The true lorcainide story. BMJ 2015 201:350:h287.
555. Chalmers I. Commentary for History Special Issue on Research Synthesis Methods. Research Synthesis Methods 2015.
556. Chalmers I, Oxman A. Farewell and thanks to Dave Sackett, Cochrane’s first pilot. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Library 2015;(5). http://www.cochranelibrary.com/editorial/10.1002/14651858.ED000099

and Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2016;

557. Chalmers I. I’ll be on statins all my life, so why am I unsure about the side-effects? The Guardian 17 April 2015. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/apr/17/statins-all-my-life-side-effects-information
558. Chalmers I. Politics, medical journals, the medical profession and the Israel lobby. BMJ Rapid response 04 June 2015. http://www.bmj.com/content/350/bmj.h2377/rr-38
559. Treweek S, Altman DG, Bower P, Campbell M, Chalmers I, Cotton S, Craig P, Crosby D, Davidson P, Devane D, Duley L, Dunn J, Elbourne D, Farrell B, Gamble C, Gillies K, Hood K, Lang T, Littleford R, Loudon K, McDonald A, McPherson G, Nelson A, Norrie J, Ramsay C, Sandercock P, Shanahan DR, Summerskill W, Sydes M, Williamson P, Clarke M. Making randomised trials more efficient: report of the first meeting to discuss the Trial Forge platform. Trials 2015;16:261  doi:10.1186/s13063-015-0776-0. http://www.trialsjournal.com/content/pdf/s13063-015-0776-0.pdf
560. Crowe S, Fenton M, Hall M, Chalmers I. Patients’, clinicians’ and the research communities’ priorities for treatment research: there is an important mismatch. Research Involvement and Engagement 2015. 1:2. DOI 10.1186/s40900-015-0003-x http://www.researchinvolvement.com/content/1/1/2
561. Chalmers I. Launch of the redesigned James Lind Library – 20 May 2015. Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 25 June 2015. http://www.cebm.net/the-james-lind-library/
562. Chalmers I. Recollections of the origin of the Campbell Collaboration. 2015. http://www.campbellcollaboration.org/artman2/uploads/1/Iain_Chalmers_interview.pdf
563. Chen Y, Chalmers I, on behalf of the TTi Editorial Alliance. Testing Treatments interactive (TTi): helping to equip the public to promote better research for better health care. Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine 2015;8:98-102. doi: 10.111/jebm.12155. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jebm.12155/full
564. Milne I, Chalmers I. Alexander Lesassier Hamilton’s 1816 report of a controlled trial of bloodletting. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2015;108:68–70

DOI: 10.1177/0141076814566587

565. Chalmers I. Foreword. In: Light DW, Maturo AF, eds. Good Pharma: the public-health model of the Mario Negri Institute. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015: xi-xiv.
566. Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Oxman AD, Chalmers I, Nsangi A, Glenton C, Lewin S, Morelli A, Rosenbaum S, Semakula D, Sewankambo N. Key concepts that people need to understand to assess claims about treatment effects. Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine 2015;8:112-125

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1111/jebm.12160/

567. Glasziou P, Chalmers I. How systematic reviews can reduce waste in research. 29 Oct 2015. BMJ Blog. http://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2015/10/29/how-systematic-reviews-can-reduce-waste-in-research/
568. Chalmers I. Foreword. In: Cassels A. The Cochrane Collaboration: Medicine’s best-kept secret. Canada: Agio, 2015, pp i-v.
569. Chalmers I. Prólogo. In: Cabello JB por CASPe. Lectura Crítica de la Evidencia Clínica. Barcelona: Elsevier, 2015.
570. Treweek S, Altman DG, Bower P, Campbell M, Chalmers I, Cotton S, Craig P, Crosby D,  Davidson P, Devane D, Duley L, Dunn J, Elbourne D, Farrell B, Gamble C, Gillies K, Hood K, Lang T, Littleford R, Loudon K, McDonald A, McPherson G, Nelson A, Norrie J, Ramsay C, Sandercock P, Shanahan D, Summerskill W, Sydes M, Williamson P, Clarke M. Making randomised trials more efficient: report of the first meeting to discuss the Trial Forge platform. Trials 2015;16:261. DOI 10.1186/s13063-015-0776-0.
570x. Chalmers I, Fox DM. Increasing the incidence and influence of systematic reviews on health policy and practice. American Journal of Public Health 2016;106:11-13.
571. Chalmers I, Glasziou P. Systematic reviews and research waste. Lancet 2016;387:123-124.
572. Moher D, Glasziou P, Chalmers I, Nasser M, Bossuyt PMM, Korevaar DA, Graham ID, Ravaud P, Boutron I. Increasing value, reducing waste in biomedical research: who’s listening? Lancet 2016;387:1573-1586. (Lancet on line 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00307-4)
573. Glasziou P, Chalmers I. Is 85% of health research really “wasted”? 14 Jan 2016. BMJ Blog. http://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2016/01/14/paul-glasziou-and-iain-chalmers-is-85-of-health-research-really-wasted/
574. Mosconi P, Antes G, Barbareschi G, Burls A, Demotes-Mainard J, Chalmers I, Colombo C,  Garattini S, Gluud C, Gyte G, Mcllwain C, Penfold M, Post N, Satolli R, Valetto MR, West B, Wolff S. A European multi-language initiative to make the general population aware of independent clinical research: the European Communication on Research Awareness Need (ECRAN) project. Trials 2016;17:19. DOI 10.1186/s13063-015-1146-7.
575. Cusack L, Del Mar CB, Chalmers I, Hoffmann TC. Education interventions to improve people’s understanding of key concepts in assessing the effects of health interventions: a systematic review protocol. Systematic Reviews 2016;5:37. DOI 10.1186/s13643-016-0213-9

http://systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13643-016-0213-9

576. Chalmers I, Glasziou P. Should there be greater use of preprint servers for publishing reports of biomedical science? [version 1; referees: not peer reviewed]. F1000Research 2016, 5:272.

http://f1000research.com/articles/5-272/v1

577. McCoy D, Haines A, Gerada C, McCartney M, Horton R, Crown J, Williams ED, Logan S, Law C, Zealley H, Stewart-Brown S, Chalmers I, Adam S, Heath I, Yudkin J, Chisolm J, Boulton F, Middleton J. Halt Trident renewal. The Telegraph, 27 February 2016. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/letters/12175420/Letters-EU-referendum-voters-are-being-dazzled-by-a-blizzard-of-contradictory-and-unreliable-claims.html
578. McKee M, Galsworthy M, Wessely S et al (and 198 others). The benefits to the NHS of staying in the EU. The Times, 4 April 2016.
579. Chalmers I, Glasziou P, Badenoch D, Atkinson P, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Oxman A. Evidence Live 2016: Promoting informed healthcare choices by helping people assess treatment claims. 26 May 2016, BMJ Blog.

http://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2016/05/26/evidence-live-2016-promoting-informed-healthcare-choices-by-helping-people-assess-treatment-claims/

580. Baird MA, Barlev N, Bryder L, Burls A, Carrell RW, Chalmers I, Cooper GJ, Dow DA, Hicks K, Keirse M, Mantell C, Nobbs P, Overton E, Overton H, Patten P, Sandercock J, Smith V, Trubuhovich R. Misrepresentation of the National Women’s Hospital in Auckland, New Zealand. American Journal of Public Health 2016;106:1208-1209.
581. Chalmers I, Clarke M. J Guy Scadding and the move from alternation to randomisation. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2016;109:282-283.

http://jrs.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/109/7/282.pdf?ijkey=JoMQcRbQti5z0r1&keytype=finite

582. Chalmers I. Should the Cochrane logo be accompanied by a health warning? 18 October 2016, BMJ Blog.

http://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2016/10/18/iain-chalmers-should-the-cochrane-logo-be-accompanied-by-a-health-warning/

Originally published in Evidently Cochrane, October 2016.

http://www.evidentlycochrane.net/cochrane-logo-health-warning/

583. Chalmers I. An incomplete and misleading reading of Archie Cochrane. Evidently Cochrane, October 2016.

http://www.evidentlycochrane.net/incomplete-misleading-reading-archie-cochrane/

584. Lund H, Brunnhuber K, Juhl C, Robinson K, Leenaars M, Dorch BF, Jamtvedt G, Nortvedt MW, Christensen R, Chalmers I. Towards evidence based research. BMJ 2016;355:i5440 doi: 10.1136/bmj.i5440
585. Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Semakula D, Nsangi A, Oxman A, Chalmers I, Rosenbaum S, Guttersrud Ø, and the IHC Group. Measuring ability to assess claims about treatment effects: the development of the ‘Claim Evaluation Tools’. BMJ Open 2016;6:e013184. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013184.
586. Gachelin G, Garner P, Ferroni E, Tröhler U, Chalmers I. Evaluating Cinchona bark and quinine for treating and preventing malaria. Part 1. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2017;110:31–40. DOI: 10.1177/0141076816681421.

Part 2. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2017;110:73–82. DOI: 10.1177/0141076816688411.

587. Nasser M, Clarke M, Chalmers I, Brurberg KG, Nykvist H, Lund H, Glasziou P. What are funders doing to minimise waste in research?  (and appendix) Lancet 2017;389:1006-1007.
588. Semakula D, Nsangi A, Oxman M, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Rosenbaum S, Kaseje M, Nyirazinyoye L, Fretheim A, Chalmers I, Oxman AD, Sewankambo NK. Can an educational podcast improve the ability of parents of primary school children to assess the reliability of claims made about the benefits and harms of treatments: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2017 18:31. DOI 10.1186/s13063-016-1745-y
589. Glasziou P, Chalmers I. Ill-informed replications will increase our avoidable waste of research. BMJ Blog 20 March 2017. http://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2017/03/20/ill-informed-replications-will-increase-our-avoidable-waste-of-research/605. Cartabellotta A, Garattini S, Chalmers I. Aumentare il value delle risorse investite nella ricercar biomedical. Evidence 2016;8:e1000157. (Unable to add red header)
590. Rosenhead J, Gearty C, Levitt M, Hickey T, Griffiths D, Machover M, Chalmers I et al

Free speech on Israel under attack in universities. The Guardian, Letter 27 February 2017. (Letter from 243 academics)

591. Wager E, Glasziou P, Chalmers I, Macleod M, Al-Shahi Salman R, Nasser M, Written evidence. House of Commons – Science and Technology Committee, Research integrity inquiry. Written evidence submitted by the REWARD Alliance (RIN0013) March 2017

http://data.parliament.uk/writtenevidence/committeeevidence.svc/evidencedocument/science-and-technology-committee/research-integrity/written/48289.pdf

https://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/science-and-technology-committee/inquiries/parliament-2015/inquiry6/publications/

592. Albarqouni L, Abu-Rmeileh NME, Elessi K, Obeidallah M, Bjertness E, Chalmers I. The quality of reports of medical and public health research from Palestinian institutions: a systematic review.  BMJ Open 2017;7:e016455. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016455

http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/bmjopen/7/6/e016455.full.pdf.

593. Chalmers I. If you had measles would you want prophylactic antibiotics? BMJ 2017;357:j2172. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j2172 (Published 08 May 2017 – online version). The following is a shortened published version. Prophylactic antibiotics should be recommended. BMJ 2017;357:j2213 p 273.
594.594a. Sharples JM, Oxman AD, Mahtani KR, Chalmers I, Oliver S, Collins K, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Hoffmann T. Critical thinking in healthcare and education. BMJ 2017; 357:298-299. j2234.

Co-published with the BMJ as follows:

Sharples JM, Oliver S, Oxman AD, Mahtani KR, Chalmers I, Collins K, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Hoffmann T. Critical thinking: A core skill within education and healthcare. Impact Issue1 September 2017

595. Nsangi A, Semakula D, Oxman A, Oxman M, Rosenbaum S, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Nyirazinyoye L, Kaseje M, Chalmers I, Fretheim A and Sewankambo N. Does the use of the Informed Healthcare Choices (IHC) primary school resources improve the ability of grade-5 children in Uganda to assess the trustworthiness of claims about the effects of treatments: protocol for a cluster-randomised trial. Trials 2017;18:223 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-017-1958-8
596. Nsangi A, Semakula D, Oxman AD, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Oxman M, Rosenbaum S, Morelli A, Glenton C, Lewin S, Nyirazinyoye L, Kaseje M, Chalmers I, Fretheim A, Ding Y, Sewankambo NK. Effects of the Informed Health Choices primary school intervention on the ability of children in Uganda to assess the reliability of claims about treatment effects: a cluster-randomised trial. Lancet 2017;390:374-88.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31226-6

597. Semakula D, Nsangi A, Oxman AD, Oxman M, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Rosenbaum S, Morelli A, Glenton C, Lewin S, Nyirazinyoye L, Kaseje M, Chalmers I, Fretheim A, Kristoffersen DT, Sewankambo NK. Effects of the Informed Health Choices podcast on the ability of parents of primary school children in Uganda to assess claims about treatment effects: a randomised trial. Lancet 2017;390:389-98

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31225-4

598. Glasziou P, Chalmers I. The wastage of unpublished research globally. BMJ 19-26 August 2017;358:272 http://www.bmj.com/bmj/section-pdf/949835?path=/bmj/358/8118/Research_Update.full.pdf

Glasziou P, Chalmers I. Can it really be true that 50% of research is unpublished? BMJ Blog 5 June 2017.. http://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2017/06/05/paul-glasziou-and-iain-chalmers-can-it-really-be-true-that-50-of-research-is-unpublished/

599. Chalmers I. Choice of treatments when there is uncertainty about the effects of alternatives. BMJ 2017;357:j2817. http://www.bmj.com/content/357/bmj.j2817/rr-2
600. Hoffmann T, Glasziou G, Beller E, Goldacre B, Chalmers I. Focus on sharing individual patient data distracts from other ways of improving trial transparency. BMJ 2017;357:j2782 doi: 10.1136/bmj.j2782.

Published version title as follows: Trial transparency is about more than individual patient data BMJ 2017:357;520-522

601. Chalmers I. Oxford’s recognition of individuals can promote their recognition at home. Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Blog July 2017.

http://www.cebm.net/oxfords-recognition-individuals-can-promote-recognition-home/

602. Chalmers I. Caleb Parry and 18th century controlled comparisons of Turkish and English rhubarb. Journal Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh 2017;47:205. doi:10.4997/JrCPe.2017.222
603. Castle JC, Chalmers I, Atkinson P, Badenoch D, Oxman AD, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Nordheim L, Krause K, Schwartz LM, Woloshin S, Burls A, Mosconi P, Hoffmann T, Cusack L, Albarqouni L, Glasziou P. Establishing a library of resources to help people understand Key Concepts in assessing treatment claims – The ‘Critical thinking and Appraisal Resource Library’ (CARL). PLoS ONE 2017;12(7): e0178666 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178666

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0178666.

604. Chalmers I. Choosing treatments when alternatives are uncertain. BMJ 2017;358:195.

http://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/358/bmj.j3530.full.pdf

606. Chalmers I. Masters and Nutt draw attention to deficiencies in Emanuel, Wendler, and Grady 2000. http://jme.bmj.com/content/43/11/730.responses#masters-and-nutt-draw-attention-to-deficiencies-in-emanuel-wendler-and-grady-2000

(BMJ response to http://jme.bmj.com/content/medethics/43/11/730.full.pdf)

607. Chalmers I. Medicine on trial. The Times December 5 2017. P28 (Letters to the Editor)
608. Glasziou P, Chalmers I. Funders and regulators are more important than journals in fixing the waste in research. BMJ 2017, 6 September. http://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2017/09/06/paul-glasziou-and-iain-chalmers-funders-and-regulators-are-more-important-than-journals-in-fixing-the-waste-in-research/
609. Chalmers I, Oxman AD, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Ryan-Vig S, Pannell S, Sewankambo N, Semakula D, Nsangi A, Albarqouni L, Glasziou P, Mahtani K, Nunan D, Heneghan C, Badenoch D. Key Concepts for Informed Health Choices: a framework for helping people learn how to assess treatment claims and make informed choices. BMJ Evid Based Med 2018 23:29-33. doi: 10.1136/ebmed-2017-110829.
610. Moberg J, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Treweek S, Badenoch D, Layfield R, Harbour R, Rosenbaum S, Oxman AD, Atkinson P, Chalmers I. The plain language Glossary of Evaluation Terms for Informed Treatment choices (GET-IT) at www.getitglossary.org. Research for All 2018 2:106-121.
611. Chalmers I. Deaths of children and women in Gaza hostilities. Lancet 2018 391:539-540. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)32179-7612. Albarqouni L, Abu-Rmeileh N, Elessi K, Obeidallah M, Bjertness E, Chalmers I. The quality of medical and public health research from Palestinian institutions: a survey-based study. Lancet 2018 391, Special Issue: S16 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30341-6
613. Djulbegovic B, Glasziou P, Klocksieben FA, Reljic T, VanDenBergh M, Mhaskar R, Ioannidis JPA, Chalmers I. Larger effect sizes in non-randomized studies are associated with higher rates of EMA licensing approval. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2018;98:24-32.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.01.011

614. Cusack L, Del Mar CB, Chalmers I, Gibson E, Hoffmann TC. Educational interventions to improve people’s understanding of key concepts in assessing the effects of health interventions: a systematic review. Systematic Reviews 2018;7:68 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-018-0719-4.
615. Chalmers I. Adrian Grant’s pioneering use of evidence synthesis in perinatal medicine, 1980-1992. Reproductive Health 2018;15:79. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-018-0518-3.
616. Matthews R, Chalmers I, Rothwell P. Douglas G Altman: statistician, researcher, and driving force behind global initiatives to improve the reliability of health research. BMJ 2018;361:k2588 doi: 10.1136/bmj.k2588 (Published 12 June 2018)
617. Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Altman DG, Grimes DA, Moher D, Hayes RJ. Allocation concealment’: the evolution and adoption of a methodological term Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine; 2018, Vol. 111(6) 216–224
618. Lucas C et al 2018 Steps towards defining antisemitism. The Guardian (letter – published 6 July 2018)

https://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/jul/06/steps-towards-defining-antisemitism?

?619.Clarke M, Chalmers I. Reflections on the history of systematic reviews. BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine 2018;23:121-122. https://ebm.bmj.com/content/ebmed/23/4/121.full.pdf
620. Glasziou P, Chalmers I. The $100bn a year scandal of wasted medical research that distorts clinical practice and causes harm to patients. BMJ 2018;363:k4645. (printed version)

On-line version: Glasziou P, Chalmers I. Research waste is still a scandal. BMJ 2018;363:k4645. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.k4645. http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/bmj.k4645?ijkey=RHNtcNyfU0jnasT&keytype=ref

621. Chalmers J, Chalmers I, Troehler U. Helping physicians to keep abreast of the medical literature: Andrew Duncan and Medical and Philosophical Commentaries, 1773-1795.  Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2019;112:36-47.
https://journals-sagepub-com.rsm.idm.oclc.org/doi/pdf/10.1177/0141076818820779
622. Oxman A, Chalmers I, Austvoll-Dahlgren A and Informed Health Choices group. Key Concepts for assessing claims about treatment effects and making well-informed treatment choices. [version 2; referees: 3 approved]. F1000Research 2019;7:1784 (https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.16771.2)
623. Chalmers I, Atkinson P, Badenoch D, Glasziou P, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Oxman A, Clarke M. The James Lind Initiative: books, websites and databases to promote critical thinking

about treatment claims, 2003 to 2018. Research Involvement and Engagement 2019. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40900-019-0138-2 shortened URL – https://rdcu.be/bkeLe

624. Abbara A, Abdelmagid N, Agre P, Ahmed M, Ahsan S, AlMasri I, Alsaba K, Ascheim D, Martinez-Alvarez M, Bayntun C, Bdaiwi Y, Beyrer C, Blencowe H, Boufkhed S, Celentano D, Chalmers I, and 71 other signatures. Open letter: Stop the war on Syria’s hospitals  The Syria Campaign. Medium. Com https://medium.com/@TheSyriaCampaign/open-letter-stop-the-war-on-syrias-hospitals-f0e6b15e72cb

 

Graham-Harrison E, Mckernan B. Stop the carnage: doctors call for an end to Syria hospital airstrikes. The Guardian, World News 2 June 2019. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jun/02/doctors-global-appeal-stop-syria-bombing-hospitals-idlib

625. Elessi K, Albarqouni L, Glasziou P, Chalmers I. Promoting critical appraisal skills is more important than promoting research in Palestine. Lancet 2019;393:2589-2590.

625b – Authors reply – Elessi K, Albarqouni L, Glasziou P, Chalmers I. Training in critical appraisal skills. Lancet 2020;395:e60.

626. Oxman A, Aronson JK, Barends E, Boruch R, Brennan M, Chalmers I, Chislett J, Cunliffe-Jones P, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Gaarder M, Haines A, Heneghan C, Matthews R, Maynard B, Oxman M, Pullin A, Randall N, Roddam H, Schoonees A, Sharples J, Stewart R, Stott J, Tallis R, Thomas N, Vale L. Key  Concepts for making informed Choices. Nature 2019;572:303-306.

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02407-9

627. Djulbegovic B, Glasziou P, Chalmers I. The importance of randomised vs non-randomised trials. Lancet 2019;394:634-35. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(19)31128-6/fulltext
628. Marson Smith P, Colquhoun D, Chalmers I. John Henry Gaddum’s 1940 guidance on controlled clinical trials. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2019;112:394-400.
https://journals.sagepub.com/eprint/U6C33PRVDP7QGESHCJG2/full
629. Razavi M, Glasziou P, Klocksieben FA, Ioannidis JPA, Chalmers I, Djulbegovic B. US Food and Drug Administration Approvals of Drugs and Devices Based on Nonrandomized Clinical Trials A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Network Open 2019;2(9):e1911111. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.11111
630. Sleeman K, Chalmers I. Assisted dying⁠—restricting access to people with fewer than six months to live is discriminatory. BMJ Blog 25 September 2019.  [also: Assisted dying: a six months limit is discriminatory and arbitrary. BMJ 26 October 2019, pp 148-9]

https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2019/09/25/katherine-sleeman-and-iain-chalmers-assisted-dying%e2%81%a0-restricting-access-to-people-with-fewer-than-six-months-to-live-is-discriminatory/

631. Gillies K, Chalmers I, Glasziou P, Elbourne D, Elliot J, Treweek S. Reducing research waste by promoting informed responses to invitations to participate in clinical trials. Trials 2019;20:613. https://trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13063-019-3704-x
632. Chalmers I, Smeeth L, Goldacre B. Personalised medicine using N-of-1 trials: overcoming barriers to delivery. Healthcare 2019,7,134; doi:10.3390/healthcare7040134
633. Chalmers I, Sir Iain Chalmers’ personal reflection on the prehistory of the Nordic Cochrane Centre. Deadly Medicines and Organised Crime Blog. 2 January 2020.

https://www.deadlymedicines.dk/category/blog/

634. Marson Smith PR, Ware L, Adams C, Chalmers I (2020). Claims of ‘no difference’ or ‘no effect’ in Cochrane and other systematic reviews. BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine 2020 Jan 7. doi:10.1136/bmjebm-2019-111257
635. Semakula D, Nsangi A, Oxman AD , Oxman M, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Rosenbaum S, Morelli A, Glenton C, Lewin S, Nyirazinyoye L, Kaseje M, Chalmers I, Fretheim A, Rose CJ, Sewankambo NK (2020). Effects of the Informed Health Choices podcast on the ability of parents of primary school children in Uganda to assess the trustworthiness of claims about treatment effects: one-year follow up of a randomised trial. Trials 2020;21:187.

https://rdcu.be/b1I3Q

636. Chalmers I. Doug Altman’s prescience in recognising the need to reduce biases before tackling imprecision in systematic reviews. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2020;113:119-122. [also published in Egger M, Higgins JPT, Davey Smith G, eds. (2021). Systematic Reviews in Health Care, 3rd edition, London: BMJ Books.]
637. Brewer C, Chalmers I, Hammond P, Marsh H, Nutt D, Savage W. Clinicians should consider the evidence in difficult decisions about resuscitation. 4 May 2020, BMJ Blog.

https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2020/05/04/clinicians-should-consider-the-evidence-in-difficult-decisions-about-resuscitation/

638. Chalmers I. The ‘unfortunate experiment’ that was not, and the indebtedness of women and children to Herbert (‘Herb’) Green (1916-2001). Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2020;122:A13-A19.
639. Chalmers I.  Response to comments by defenders of the inquiry into the management of cervical carcinoma in situ in National Women’s Hospital, New Zealand, in the 1960s and early 1970s. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 2020;127:241-243.
640. Chalmers I, Abbasi K. Developing the collaboration between the James Lind Library and the Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 113, Issue 7 of Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2020;113:266-269.
641. Nsangi A, Oxman AD, Oxman M, Rosenbaum SE, Semakula D, Ssenyonga R, Mugisha M, Chelagat F, Kaseje M, Nyirazinyoye L, Chalmers I, Sewankambo NK. Protocol for assessing stakeholder engagement in the development and evaluation of the Informed Health Choices resources teaching secondary school students to think critically about health claims and choices. PloS ONE 2020;15: e0239985. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239985
642. AlWaheidi S, McPherson K, Chalmers I, Sullivan R, Davies EA. Mammographic screening in the Occupied Palestinian Territory: a critical analysis of its promotion, claimed benefits, and safety in Palestinian health research. JCO Global Oncology 2020;6:1772-1790.
643. Scott AM, Chalmers I, Barnett A, Stephens A, Kolstoe SE, Clark J, Glasziou P. ‘The ethics approval took 20 months on a trial which was meant to help terminally ill cancer patients. In the end we had to send the funding back’: a survey of views on human research ethics reviews. Journal of Medical Ethics 2021, Published Online First: 11 January. doi: 10.1136/medethics-2020-106785.
644. Jenkins L, Chalmers I, Frith P, Waterman D, Waterman R. Palliative care at home for Covid patients needs support. www.theguardian.com Jan 2021.
645. Chalmers I. Establishing a foundation for improved public judgement of treatment claims. Informed Health Choices Newsletter, March 2021, pp 9-10.
646. Ang S, Green C, Chalmers I, Manduca P, Cigliano B, Ciccone C, Camadona F, Tognoni G, Veronese G, Husum H, Agnoletto M, Rui M, Meyers A, Rothchild A, Fookson M, Sporn P, Alpert A, Rubin R, Punamäki-Gitai RL, Dagostino S, Agatone S, Papa S, Bennett T, Agnoletto V, Summerfield D, Oberlin C, Burgio E. Bombing Gaza, killing whole families, and cutting off Al-Shifa Hospital, BMJ Rapid response 17 May 2021. https://www.bmj.com/content/362/bmj.k3299/rr-2
646e. Summerfield et al. (2021). The way forward for the reconstruction of a viable health service in Gaza. BMJ  3 June. [Rapid Response to: The maiming fields of Gaza. BMJ 2018;362 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.k3299]
647. Senn S, Chalmers I. Giving and taking: ethical treatment assignment in control. trials. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2021; 0(0) 1–6

DOI: 10.1177/01410768211049972

648. Chalmers I, Glasziou P. Protecting the public from the adverse effects of confused research ethics. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine; 2021 0(0) 1–6

DOI: 10.1177/01410768211051720.

649. Glasziou P, Scott AM. Chalmers I, Kolstoe SE, Davies HT. Improving research ethics review and governance can improve human health. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2021; 0(0) 1–7 DOI: 10.1177/01410768211051711
650. Marsh H, Chalmers I, Winyard G, Irwin M, Hammond P. The BMA must change its stance on assisted dying. The Guardian 2021. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/sep/14/the-bma-must-change-its-stance-on-assisted-dying
651. Oxman AD, Chalmers I, Dahlgren A, Informed Health Choices Group. Key Concepts for Informed Health Choices: a framework for enabling people to think critically about health claims (Version 2022). IHC Working Paper. 2022. hbttp://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6611932
652. Oxman AD, Chalmers I, Dahlgren A. Key concepts for informed health choices: Where’s the evidence? F1000Research 2022_2023, 11:890.
653. Chalmers I. Archie Cochrane i la importància dels assaigs clínics i les revisions

Sistemàtiques (Archie tribute in Catalan). Annals De Medicinia Vol 105, No. 4, Oct/Nov/Dec 2022, pp146-148.

654a. Oxman, Chalmers, Dahlgren (2022). Key concepts for informed health choices. 1.1: assumptions that treatments are safe or effective can be misleading.(pt1) Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2022;115:354-359.
654b. Oxman, Chalmers, Dahlgren (2022). Key concepts for informed health choices. 1.2 Seemingly logical assumptions about research can be misleading. (pt2) Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2022;115:408-411.
654c. Oxman, Chalmers, Dahlgren (2022). Key concepts for informed health choices. 1.3 Seemingly logical assumptions about treatments can be misleading. (pt3) Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2022;115:448-450.
654d. Oxman, Chalmers, Dahlgren (2022). Key concepts for informed health choices. 1.4: trust based on the source of a claim alone can be misleading. (pt4) Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2022;115:479-481.
654e. Oxman, Chalmers, Dahlgren. Key concepts for informed health choices. 2.1 Comparisons of treatments should be fair. (pt5) Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2023;116:21-26.
654f. Oxman, Chalmers, Dahlgren. Key concepts for informed health choices. 2.2 Reviews of the effects of treatments should be fair. (pt6) Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2023;116:76-78.
654g. Oxman, Chalmers, Dahlgren. Key concepts for informed health choices. 2.3 Descriptions of effects should clearly reflect the size of the effects (pt7) Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2023;116:113-115.
654h. Oxman, Chalmers, Dahlgren. Key concepts for informed health choices. 2.4 Descriptions of effects should reflect the risk of being misled by the play of chance. (pt8) Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2023;116:144-147.
654i. Oxman, Chalmers, Dahlgren. Key concepts for informed health choices. 3.1 Evidence should be relevant. (pt9) Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine  2023;116:177-180.
654j. Oxman, Chalmers, Dahlgren. Key concepts for informed health choices. 3.2 Expected advantages should outweigh expected disadvantages. (pt10) Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2023;116:214-217.
655. Bishop D, Murray P, Bik E, Naudet F, Vaux D, Sanders DA, Mol BW, Clark TD, Grimes RD, Jutfelt F, Brown NJL, RocheD, Bouter LM, Sundin J, Wise N, Cabanac G, Chalmers I. Lettre ouverte au CNRS: Nécessité d’une réponse transparente et robuste en cas de

découverte de manquements à l’intégrité scientifique. (Open letter to CNRS: Need for transparent and robust response when research misconduct is found). Sciences 23 February 2023.

656a. Chalmers I, Matthews R, Glasziou P, Boutron I, Armitage P. Trial analysis by treatment allocated or by treatment received? Origins of ‘the intention-to-treat principle’ to reduce allocation bias: Part 1. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2023;116:343-350.
656b. Chalmers I, Matthews R, Glasziou P, Boutron I, Armitage P. Trial analysis by treatment allocated or by treatment received? Origins of ‘the intention-to-treat principle’ to reduce allocation bias: Part 2. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2023;116:386-394.
657. Glasziou P, Matthews R, Boutron I, Chalmers I, Armitage P (2023).The differences and overlaps between ‘explanatory’ and ‘pragmatic’ controlled trials: a historical perspective. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 2023;116:425-432.
??Clarke M, Chalmers I, Hopewell S, Alderson P (2024) Published – Patricia to be added
??Moberg, J., Johansen, M., Lewin, S., Chalmers, I., & Oxman, A. D. (2010). Creating an inventory of health policy trials: Report to Dr Tikki Pang, WHO, December 2010. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13822345 Patricia to be added

In preparation

??Oxman M, Rosenbaum S, Morelli A, Glenton C, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Lewin S, Chalmers I, Nsangi A, Semakula D, Sewankambo NK, Oxman AD. User experiences of the Informed Health Choices resources to teach primary school children to assess claims about treatment effects at an international school in a high-income country. In preparation.
??Nsangi A, Semakula D, Oxman AD, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Oxman M, Rosenbaum S, Morelli A, Glenton C, Lewin S, Kaseje M, Chalmers I, Fretheim A, Ding Y, Sewankambo NK. Effects of the Informed Health Choices primary school intervention on the ability of children in Uganda to assess the reliability of claims about treatment effects after one year: a cluster-randomised trial.

Working papers

??Nsangi A, Semakula D, Rosenbaum S, Oxman M, Morelli A, Oxman AD, Glenton C, Lewin S, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Kaseje M, Mugisha M, Uwitonze AM, Nyirazinyoye L, Chalmers I, Fretheim A, Sewankambo NK. Development of the Informed Health Choices resources to teach primary school children to assess claims about treatment effects in four countries. IHC Working Paper, 2017.
??Semakula D, Nsangi A, Glenton C, Kaseje M, Lewin S, Oxman AD, Oxman M, Rosenbaum S, Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Chalmers I, Fretheim A, Sewankambo NK. An educational podcast to improve the ability of parents of primary school children in Uganda to assess claims about treatment effects: Process evaluation protocol. Informed Health Choices Working Paper; 2017. ISBN 978-82-8082-804-0.
??Austvoll-Dahlgren A, Oxman AD, Chalmers I. The Claim Evaluation Tools Working Group. Manual for preparing a test or questionnaire based on the Claim Evaluation Tools database. Version: 22.11.2016.

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